Chemistry, asked by Guljar1244, 1 year ago

What is Saponification explain


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Answered by MahatmaGandhi11
1

Saponification

Saponification is a process by which triglycerides are reacted with sodium or potassium hydroxide (lye) to produce glycerol and a fatty acid salt, called "soap." The triglycerides are most often animal fats or vegetable oils. When sodium hydroxide is used, a hard soap is produced. Using potassium hydroxide results in a soft soap.

Saponification Example

Lipids that contain fatty acid ester linkages can undergo hydrolysis. This reaction is catalyzed by a strong acid or base. Saponification is the alkaline hydrolysis of the fatty acid esters. The mechanism of saponification is:

* Nucleophilic attack by the hydroxide

* Leaving group removal

* Deprotonation

The chemical reaction between any fat and sodium hydroxide is a saponification reaction.

triglyceride + sodium hydroxide (or potassium hydroxide) → glycerol + 3 soap molecules

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