Question

What is seed germination? Give objectives of germination testing.

Answer 1

Seed Formation

Plants reproduce using eggs and sperm, just like people. However, they don't have physical sex! Male plants release pollen, which fertilize ovaries. The fertilized ovaries develop into seeds, which can then be distributed to make new plants. As the fertilized ovaries develop, a surplus of carbohydrates and proteins are stored inside the seed. This will serve as food for the plant until it can develop leaves. Next, the fertilized plant ovaries develop the hardened coat we see as the outside of seeds to protect them against harsh environmental conditions. The seeds then can be carried away by wind or animals to create new plants.

Answer 2

Germination is the process by which an organism grows from a seed or similar structure. The most common example of germination is the sprouting of a seedling from a seed of an angiosperm or gymnosperm.


Seed testing is required to achieve the following objectives for minimising the risks of planting low quality seeds. To determine if seed meets established quality standards or labelling specifications. To establish quality and provide a basis for price and consumer discrimination among lots in the market.