Question

what is shielding effect ? with example.

Answer 1

The shielding effect sometimes referred to as atomic shielding or electron shieldingdescribes the attraction between an electronand the nucleus in any atom with more than one electron. The shielding effect can be defined as a reduction in the effective nuclear charge on the electron cloud, due to a difference in the attraction forces on the electrons in the atom. It is a special case ofelectric-field screening.

Example: Why is Cesium a larger element that Potassium?

Cs = 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,4s2,3d10,4p6,5s2,4d105p6,6s1

K = 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s1,3p6,4s1

As you can see there are more orbitals separating the valence electrons from the nucleus of the atom, so the nucleus will have less control of the 6s1 electron than it will of the 4s1electron. This is the shielding affect.

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Answer 2

Screening Effect Definition: Screening effect is also known as the shielding effect. The phenomenon which occurs when the nucleus reduces its force of attraction on the valence electrons due to the presence of electrons in the inner-shell. This is known as a screening effect.