Question

What is soil conservation? Suggest any five measures of soil conservation.​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Defination-

Soil conservation is a methodology to maintain soil fertility, prevent soil erosion and exhaustion and improve the degraded condition of the soil.

Measures-

1. Mulching: Bare ground between plant is covered with a layer of organic material like straw. It helps to retain soil moisture.

2. Contour barriers: Stones, grass, soil are used to build barriers along contours. Trenches are made in front of the barriers to collect water.

3. Rock dam: Rocks are piled up to slow down the flow of water. This prevents gullies and further soil loss.

4. Intercropping: Different crops are grown in alternate rows and are sown at different times to protect the soil from rain wash.

5. Shelter belts: In the coastal and dry regions, rows of trees are planted to check the wind movement and encroachment from sand dunes to protect soil cover. Experiments have been made to stablise sand dunes in western Rajasthan by Central Arid Zone Research Institute (CAZRI).

6. Terrace farming: These are made on the steep slopes so that flat surfaces are available to grow crops. They can reduce surface run-off and soil erosion.

7. Contour ploughing: Ploughing parallel to the contours of a hill slope to form a natural barrier for water to flow down the slope.