what is soil profile ? discuss the various horizons in soil erosion
Answers
Through the interactions of these four soil processes, the soil constituents are reorganized into visibly, chemically, and/or physically distinct layers, referred to as horizons. There are five soil horizons: O, A, E, B, and C. (R is used to denote bedrock.)
If you visit a site, Where are has been dug for building a house or looking in a soil Peat , on a road side cut you will see various layers in the soil. These layers are called soil horizons . The arrangement of these Horizons in a soil is known as soil profile.
♦ SOIL HORIZONS :
Each soil Horizon is different from the other in texture , colour , chemical composition and depth.
★ O HORIZONS ------› It is that top organic layer of the soil mostly made up of leaf litter and humus this horizon is rich in humus.
★ A HORIZONS ------› This players are also called as top soil and is found below the O horizon. Seed germinate and plant grow in this dark coloured Layer. It is made up of humus ( decomposed organic matter ) mixed with mineral particles.
Sometimes , leaching of minerals and clay content takes place in the lower part of A horizon as water drips throw this region. This process of leaching is called evaluation .
★ B HORIZONS -------› It is also called the sub soil. This layer is Beneath The A horizon and about the C horizon. It contains clay and mineral deposits like Iron and Aluminium oxide. It receives them , from layers above it , when mineralised water drips from the top soil.
★ R HORIZONS --------› This consists of the unweathered rock layer , called the Bedrock. It exist beneath all the other layers.