Question

What is sp hybridization describe formation
of hydrogen fluoride?​

Answer 1

Answer:

the correct answer is

Explanation:

sp3 (s-p-three) Hybridization

In Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) the central atom of fluorine (F) undergoes sp3 hybridization in which the s-orbital & p-orbitals mix together and superimpose to form unified four hybrid orbitals (1 s-orbital & 3 p-orbitals). The lone Hydrogen atom in HF bonds itself with Fluorine atom through the formation of a covalent bond (Sigma) occupying one of the hybridized orbital, the remaining three hybrid orbitals contain three lone pair of electrons.

Thus, obtaining the molecular geometry that of a tetrahedral*.

*It is to be noted that the structure of HF is not a perfect tetrahedral like that of Methane (CH4) molecule, this deviation arises due to following factor:

Heterogeneous bonding, presence of one sigma bond and three lone pair of electrons.

Lone pair - Lone pair repulsion between the electron pairs .

Presence of highly electronegative Fluorine atom which distorts the electron cloud towards itself.