What is Spinning Jenny? Explain. Why were many workers opposed to the use of the Spinning Jenny? Discuss.
2. In 1901, there were 584,000 workers in Indian factories. By 1946 the number was over 2,436, 000. Where did the workers come from?
3. In the twentieth century, handloom cloth production expanded steadily: almost trebling between 1900
and 1940. How did this happen?
4. What is a fly shuttle used for? Explain the function.
5. Explain the impact of colonial rule on the Indian textile industry.
6. Describe briefly the concept of the orient.
7. Explain the Swadeshi Movement.
8. In the seventeenth century merchants from towns in Europe began employing peasants and artisans within the villages. Explain the following.
9. Describe the Industrial Revolution. Give three reasons for the Industrial Revolution. 10. The East India Company appointed gomasthas to supervise weavers in India. Explain.
11. How did the iron and steel industry in Britain overtake the cotton industry in terms of export value? Explain.
12. At the end of the nineteenth century, 80 per cent of the total workforce in Europe was employed in the technologically advanced industrial sector. True or False?
13. The American Civil War resulted in the reduction of cotton exports from India. True or False? 14.Explain what is meant by proto-industrialisation
15. Why did some industrialists in nineteenth-century Europe prefer hand labour over machines?
16. How did the East India Company procure regular supplies of cotton and silk textiles from Indian weavers?
17. Imagine that you have been asked to write an article for an encyclopaedia on Britain and the history of cotton. Write your piece using information from the entire chapter.
18. Why did industrial production in India increase during the First World War?
19. How did the East India Company eliminate competition, control costs, and ensure regular supplies of
cotton and silk goods? Explain the series of steps.
20. Even the most powerful new technology that enhanced the productivity of labour manifold was slow to be accepted by industrialists. Give an example and explain
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Answers
Answer:
Ans1) spinning Jenny was devised by the James Hargreaves.
Many workers including women workers in Britain attacked the spinning Jenny because it seeded up the spinning process and , consequently,reduced demand for labour. This caused a valid fear of unemployment among workers in woollen industry.Henve they attacked .
Ans2) because of the migration of people from countryside and village in search of employment
Explanation:
Answer:
1. The spinning jenny was divised by James Hargreaves in 1764.
This machine speeded up the spinning process and reduced the hand labour.
With this technology , a worker could now spin a single wheel and set a no. of spindles in motion and could spin several threads at a single time.
Many workers opposed it because:
1. As the machine reduced hand labour , the need for labour was shortened.
2 . Many workers along with women workers attacked the spinning jenny as it was dangerous because it could take their livelihoods from them
3. They had a fear of unemployment.