What is Stomata explain briefly?
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What are Stomata?
Stomata are the tiny openings present on the epidermis of leaves. We can see stomata under the light microscope. In some of the plants, stomata are present on stems and other parts of plants. Stomata play an important role in gaseous exchange and photosynthesis. They control by transpiration rate by opening and closing.
Explore more Morphology of Leaves
Types of Stomata
There are different types of stomata and they are mainly classified based on their number and characteristics of the surrounding subsidiary cells. Listed below are the different types of stomata.
The stomata consist of minute pores called stoma surrounded by a pair of guard cells. Stomata, open and close according to the turgidity of guard cells. The cell wall surrounding the pore is tough and flexible. The shape of guard cells usually differs in both monocots and dicots, though the mechanism continues to be the same. Guard cells are bean-shaped and contain chloroplasts. They contain chlorophyll and capture light energy.
The subsidiary cells surround the guard cells. They are the accessory cells to guard cells and are found in the epidermis of plants. They are present between guard cells and epidermal cells and protect epidermal cells when the guard cells expand during stomatal opening.
The average number of stomata is about 300 per square mm of the leaf surface.