what is symbiotic theory
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Symbiogenesis, or endosymbiotic theory, is an evolutionary theory of the origin ofeukaryotic cells from prokaryotic organisms, first articulated in 1905 and 1910 by theRussian botanist Konstantin Mereschkowski, and advanced and substantiated with microbiological evidence by Lynn Margulis in 1967. It holds that the organellesdistinguishing eukaryote cells evolved throughsymbiosis of individual single-celled prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea).
The theory holds that mitochondria, plastidssuch as chloroplasts, and possibly other organelles of eukaryotic cells represent formerly free-living prokaryotes taken one inside the other in endosymbiosis, around 1.5 billion years ago. In more detail, mitochondria appear to be related to Rickettsialesproteobacteria, and chloroplasts to nitrogen-fixing filamentous cyanobacteria.
Among the many lines of evidence supporting symbiogenesis are that new mitochondria and plastids are formed only through binary fission, and that cells cannot create new ones otherwise; that the transport proteins calledporins are found in the outer membranes of mitochondria, chloroplasts and bacterial cell membranes; that cardiolipin is found only in the inner mitochondrial membrane and bacterial cell membranes; and that some mitochondria and plastids contain single circular DNA molecules similar to the chromosomes of bacteria.
The theory holds that mitochondria, plastidssuch as chloroplasts, and possibly other organelles of eukaryotic cells represent formerly free-living prokaryotes taken one inside the other in endosymbiosis, around 1.5 billion years ago. In more detail, mitochondria appear to be related to Rickettsialesproteobacteria, and chloroplasts to nitrogen-fixing filamentous cyanobacteria.
Among the many lines of evidence supporting symbiogenesis are that new mitochondria and plastids are formed only through binary fission, and that cells cannot create new ones otherwise; that the transport proteins calledporins are found in the outer membranes of mitochondria, chloroplasts and bacterial cell membranes; that cardiolipin is found only in the inner mitochondrial membrane and bacterial cell membranes; and that some mitochondria and plastids contain single circular DNA molecules similar to the chromosomes of bacteria.
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the endosymbiosis Theory how eukaryotic cells may have evolved from prokaryotic cells. it is a close relationship within two organisms.
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