What is te ideal therapist creates an atmosphere of premissiveness,all behaviours are accepted
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Sixty years ago, the psychologist Carl Rogers introduced a new approach to psychotherapy, designed as a contrast to the behavioral and psychoanalytic theories dominant at the time. Unlike behavior therapy, the Rogers approach does not emphasize action over feeling and thinking, and unlike psychoanalysis, it is not concerned with unconscious wishes and drives. At first he called his method nondirective therapy, later client-centered and person-centered therapy.
The method can be defined partly by what Rogerian therapists don't do, or rarely do: ask questions; make diagnoses; conduct psychological tests; provide interpretations, evaluations, and advice; offer reassurance, praise, or blame; agree or disagree with clients or express opinions of their own; point out contradictions; uncover unconscious wishes; or explore the client's feelings about the therapist.
What that leaves is letting clients tell their own stories at their own pace, using the therapeutic relationship in their own way. The therapist provides a model of reflective listening without trying to point out directions and provide solutions. Rogers popularized the use of the term "client" rather than patient to set the relationship on more equal terms, emphasizing that the person being treated is not passive and the therapist is not an authority but an agent.
Client-centered therapists aim to understand how the world looks from the point of view of their clients, checking their understanding with the client when in doubt. The principle is that clients know more about themselves than the therapist can possibly know. They don't need the guidance or wisdom of an expert. Instead, the therapist must create an atmosphere in which clients can communicate their present thoughts and feelings with certainty that they are being understood rather than judged.
Client-centered therapists say that their clients have a natural tendency toward growth, healing, and self-actualization. They act self-destructively or feel bad because of an environment that distorts this tendency. But they can find their own answers to their problems if the right therapeutic environment is provided. Psychotherapy does not involve doing something to clients or getting them to do something about themselves, but rather freeing them for movement toward normal maturity, independence, and productivity.
A permissive and indirect approach, according to the theory, makes clients more aware of aspects of themselves that they have been denying. By responding to the client's feelings rather than to the objects of those feelings, the therapist brings the client's self into the foreground. By avoiding judgments and not intruding their own personalities, therapists themselves avoid becoming an object of the client's attitudes and feelings. The aim is not so much to solve particular problems or relieve specific symptoms as to free clients of the sense that they are under the influence of malevolent forces beyond their control.
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