Question

What is the action of conc. nituric acid in presence of conc. H2SO4 on,
a) phenol
b) chlorobenzene.​

Answer 1

Explanation:

• Mixture of HNO₃ and  H₂SO₄ is called nitrating mixture. And when substances react with nitrating mixture gives nitro compounds this reaction is called nitration.
• Phenol + H₂SO₄ + HNO₃ → O-nitrophenol
• When chlorobenzene reacts with a nitrating mixture it gives two products ortho and para nitro chlorobenzene. Para nitro chlorobenzene is the major product.

• Chlorobenzene + H₂SO₄ + HNO₃ → O-nitro chlorobenzene + p-nitrichlorobenzene