Question

what is the approximate size of a molecule​

Answer 1

Answer:

As such,the size of a molecule, whether in terms of volume, surface area or linear dimension, can be described as spheres having a diameter. There are various ways of exploring the size of molecules. Since it is not possible to to measure their size through a metre rule, most chemists employ the use of bond lengths(the distance between the centres of two atoms connected together) and Van der Waals' radii to determine the lengths, and thus the size of molecules.

In the case of using bond lengths, Chemists use data from x-ray crystallography.Note,however, that although the size rangeof some molecules is usually in the order of 100-200picometres the number of bonds and the amount of electrostatic attraction can affect this order.

I have compiled a list of some of the commonly known bonds and their bond lengths.

C-H. 109pm

C-C single bond 154pm

C-C double bond 134pm

C-C triple bond. 120pm

C-N single bond. 147pm

O-H single bond. 96pm

N-H single bond. 101pm

The bond length is however, not the only way of determining the size of a molecule.Other effective methods are determining the Van der Waals' radius and the bond angles, which takes into account that molecules are 3-dimensional objects. I'll have to leave it at this to enable you carry out your own research about the subject.

In summary, molecules can be sized within the range of 100-200pm, based on bond length,Van der Waals' radii and bond angle.Hope that worked? Thank You.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Explanation:

A useful measure of a molecule is its size. There are several possible ways of defining the size of a molecule. The definition used in MOPAC is as follows:

The first dimension is the maximum distance between any pair of atoms.

For systems of 20 or fewer atoms, this distance, and the atoms involved, is worked out explicitly. For systems of 21 or more atoms, an atom is selected; the atom, K, most distant from it is then identified, then the atom, L, most distant from K is identified. In most systems, the distance R(K-L) is the first dimension. To ensure that it is, the point half-way between K and L is selected, and atom K is then re-defined as the atom most distant from that point. A new L is determined. This sequence in repeated up to 10 times, or until atoms K and L no longer change. There is no guarantee that the first dimension is, in fact, the largest distance, but it is likely to be close to the largest possible value.

The second dimension is the maximum distance in the plane perpendicular to the first dimension between any pair of atoms.

The technique that was used in determining the first dimension for systems of over 21 atoms is used here.

The third dimension is the maximum distance between any two atoms on the line perpendicular to the plane of the first two atoms.

This quantity is explicitly calculated.

Note that the second and third dimensions do not define the smallest rectangular slot that a molecule would go through; it will normally be slightly larger than the minimum slot. Nevertheless, the "dimensions" of a molecule can be regarded as a good measure of the size of hole that the molecule could pass through. Of course, allowance must be made for the finite size of atoms.

Monatomic systems have no "dimension", linear systems have two zero "dimensions", and flat systems have one zero "dimension".

Hope it helps......