Question

What is the basic difference between the terms electron gain enthalpy and electronegativity in hindi?

Answer 1

Answer:

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Electron gain enthalpy means the tendency of a particle to gain an electron.

Agar kisi particle ko electron accept karne se stability milti hai to wo electron gain karega. Chemistry me more stability ka matlab hota hai less energy. Agar wo particle electron gain karke stable ho ra hai to energy release karega heat ke form me. Means jo final product hai uski energy kam ho gai. Ab change in enthalpy hota hai final enthalpy minus initial enthalpy means final energy minus initial energy. Ab kyuki final energy kam hai isliye change in enthalpy negative hoga.

EXAMPLE = F ke paas hote hain 9 electron. Agar yeh 1 electron accept karta hai to iska octet complete ho jaayega. 10 electron ho jaayenge na = 2,8. To ab kyuki se bht jaada stable ho gaya hai to bht saari energy release karega. To iski electron gain enthalpy ki value negative me bht jaada rahegi.

Electronegativity is the tendency of a species to attract electron.

Electron pe hota hai negative charge aur nucleus pe hota hai positive charge. To positive nucleus negative electron ko apne taraf attract karta hai.

Ab ek acchi baat. Jo orbits ya subshell ya orbitals hote hain vo apan jaise jaise nucleus se door jaate hain vaise vaise s,p,d,f,... aate hain aur vaise hi vaise nucleus se jaada door hone ke karan nucleus se attraction kam hota jaat hai. Matlab s nucleus ke paas hai, p thoda door, d aur door and f bht door.

Matlab hamare paas jitna jaada s character hoga hum electron ko utna hi jaada attract kar paayenge aur hamari electron ko pull karne ki, kheech ne ki tendency jaada rahegi to hamari electronegativity bhi jaada rahegi.

FACT. Isliye hum kehte hain ki sp ki electronegativity sp2 se jaada hoti hai aur sp2 ki sp3 se jaada. Kyuki sp me 50% s character hai matlab yeh nucleus ke bht jaada paas hai. se me 33% thoda door hai nucleus se to thoda kam attract karega electron ko aur se me 25% to bht kam attract karega electron ko.

Explanation:

Jo periodic table ke right me rehte hain (NON METALS), vo electron accept karke stable ho jaate hain to have high electron gain enthalpy aur electron ko attract bhi bht accha karte hain to have high electronegativity.

While, jo periodic tabke ki left me hote hain, unki tendency electron loose karna ki hoti hai na ki electron accept karne ki. Example lete hain, jo Na metal hai isme 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s1 hota hai, jo 2nd orbit hai isme 2+6=8 electrons ho jaayenge agar ye 3rd orbit ke 1 electron ko loose kar dega. Means iski electron loose karne ki badhiya tendency hai to have high electron affinity.

Answer 2

Explanation:

Electron gain enthalpy is the tendency of an isolated gaseous atom to accept an extra electron to form a gaseous anion while electronegativity is the tendency of an atom of an element to attract the shared pair of electrons towards itself in a covalent bond. Unlike electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity is not a measurable quantity.

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