What is the coal tar ? what is the use of coal gas ? define of coal gas ?
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Coal tar is a brown or black liquid of extremely high viscosity. Coal tar is among the by-products when coal is carbonized to make coke or gasified to make coal gas. Coal tars are complex and variable mixtures of phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and heterocyclic compounds.
COAL GAS:Coal gas is a flammable gaseous fuel made from coal and supplied to the user via a piped distribution system. Town gas is a more general term referring to manufactured gaseous fuels produced for sale to consumers and municipalities.
Coal gas contains a variety of calorific gases including hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and volatile hydrocarbons together with small quantities of non-calorific gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
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☆ Coal
It is a fossil fuel . it is hard and black in colour. it is found deep under the surface of earth .
In India , coal in mainly found in Bihar , Jharkhand , West Bengal , Odisha and Madhya Pradesh.
The big coal mines are present in Jharia and Bokaro in Jharkhand and Raniganj in West Bengal.
Coal contains mainly carbon but along with it it also contains some amount of hydrogen , oxygen and small amount of nitrogen and sulphur are also present.
☆ Coal
coke + coal tar + ammoniacal liquor + coal gas .
☆ Coke :
coke is a tough Porous and greyish - black substance. it is obtained by the destructive distillation of coal.
It is a pure form of carbon, it consists 98 % carbon.
☆ Coal tar :
Coal Tar is a black , thick liquid with an unpleasant smell . it is obtained during the destructive distillation of coal . it is not a single compound but it is a mixture of more than 200 different compounds of carbon.
it can be separated into many important chemical substances such as toluene , benzene , naphthalene , phenol by the process of fractional distillation.
☆ Coal gas :
It is also obtained by the destructive distillation of coal.
coal gas consists of three main combustible gases which are hydrogen , methane and carbon monoxide.
It is an excellent fuel as it has high calorific value .
☆ Calorific value:
The amount of heat produced by complete burning of 1 kg of fuel is called calorific value.
unit - KJ/KG ( kilojoule per kilogram ) .
It is a fossil fuel . it is hard and black in colour. it is found deep under the surface of earth .
In India , coal in mainly found in Bihar , Jharkhand , West Bengal , Odisha and Madhya Pradesh.
The big coal mines are present in Jharia and Bokaro in Jharkhand and Raniganj in West Bengal.
Coal contains mainly carbon but along with it it also contains some amount of hydrogen , oxygen and small amount of nitrogen and sulphur are also present.
☆ Coal
☆ Coke :
coke is a tough Porous and greyish - black substance. it is obtained by the destructive distillation of coal.
It is a pure form of carbon, it consists 98 % carbon.
☆ Coal tar :
Coal Tar is a black , thick liquid with an unpleasant smell . it is obtained during the destructive distillation of coal . it is not a single compound but it is a mixture of more than 200 different compounds of carbon.
it can be separated into many important chemical substances such as toluene , benzene , naphthalene , phenol by the process of fractional distillation.
☆ Coal gas :
It is also obtained by the destructive distillation of coal.
coal gas consists of three main combustible gases which are hydrogen , methane and carbon monoxide.
It is an excellent fuel as it has high calorific value .
☆ Calorific value:
The amount of heat produced by complete burning of 1 kg of fuel is called calorific value.
unit - KJ/KG ( kilojoule per kilogram ) .
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