what is the computer used in the period 1942 to 1955
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
First Generation of Computers (1942-1955)
The period of the first generation was 1942-1956.This generation computer used vacuum tubes as the basic components for memory and circuitry for Central Processing Unit. The two notable machines of this era were the UNIVAC and ENIAC machines – the UNIVAC is the first every commercial computer which was purchased in 1951 by a business – the US Census Bureau. The computers in this generation used machine code as a programming language. These computers were limited to solving one problem at a time. Input was based on punched cards and paper tape.
Advantages:
Faster than its predecessor (Before First Generation).
The vacuum tube was used.
These computers could calculate data in millisecond (10-3 Second).
Disadvantage:
Computer huge in size.
Unreliable
Very costly.
Consumed a large amount of heat.
Air condition required.
Not portable because of its size.
Maintenance of computer was required.
Second Generation Computers (1956-1965)
In this generation, Transistor replaced Vacuum tube. The period of the second generation was 1956-1965. By using Transistor computer was becoming more reliable, less expensive, consume less power than first generation computer. In this generation assembly language and high-level programming languages like FORTRAN, COBOL was used. The computers used batch processing. The examples of second generation computers are IBM 1620, IBM 7094 series, IBM 1400 series and CDC 164, UNIVAC 1108 etc.
Advantages:
Faster than the First Generation.
Transistor used which was superior to Vacuum tube.
More reliable
Cheaper than the first generation.
Size reduced.
Magnetic tape was used which was more reliable than the Punchcard.
Less heat generates.
Disadvantages:
Air condition still required.
Still big.
Too much Costly