What is the difference between a primary and secondary group?
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A primary group is very small in size and is confined to a small area. Because it consists of very small number of individuals. But the size of a secondary group is very large and it is spread all over the world. Because it consists of thousands of members who is widespread and scattered all over the world.
(3) Difference in Stability :
Primary groups are relatively stable or durable. For example family is a stable organization. But a secondary group may be temporary or permanent. These are temporary groups like flood relief association. As secondary groups are special interest groups after the fulfillment of the interest it automatically vanishes.
(4) Difference in Co-operation :
The nature of co-operation in a primary and secondary group also differs from each other. The members of a primary group directly co-operate with each other. They play, sit and discuss together. Because of face to face contact and personal relationships direct co-operation among members is possible. But the members of a secondary group indirectly cooperate with each other. Because there exists indirect relations among the members.
(5) Difference in Structure :
According to the type of structure both primary and secondary group can be distinguished from each other. Primary group is based on an informal structure and is very simple. All the members participate in the same process and it is regulated by informal rules and regulations. On the other hand secondary group is based on formal structure and is regulated by a set of formal rules and regulations.
(6) Difference in Relationships :
A great deal of differences is found in the relationships among the members of a primary and secondary group. There exist direct, intimate and personal relationships among the members of a primary group. The relations are all inclusive because primary group is relationship directed. But there exists indirect and impersonal relations among the members of a secondary group. Here relations are secondary and formal.
(7) Difference in the method of social control:
Both primary and secondary group can be distinguished from each other on the basis of the means by which they exercises control over their members. Primary group exercises controls over its members through informal means such as customs, folkways, mores etc. Secondary group have limited control over its members. But secondary group control the behavior of its members through formal means such as police, jail, court, law etc.
(8) Difference in Goal:
Members of a primary group have similar or common aims and objectives. Goal of a particular member is considered as the goal of all other members. But in a secondary group member have different goals. Each individual has his own goals or aims for the fulfillment of which he joins in the group.
(9) Difference in effect on Personality:
Both primary and secondary group can be distinguished from each other on the degree by which they affect or determine the personality of an individual. Primary group has a greater influence on the development of personality. It influences the total personality of an individual. But secondary group has a little influence on the development of personality of an individual. It is mainly concerned with a particular aspect of the personality of an individual.
(10) Differences in Physical Closeness:
Both primary and secondary group may be distinguished from each other on the grounds of physical nearness. Members of a primary group live in physical proximity to each other. There exits face –to face relations among the member. But members of a secondary group the member of secondary group.
(3) Difference in Stability :
Primary groups are relatively stable or durable. For example family is a stable organization. But a secondary group may be temporary or permanent. These are temporary groups like flood relief association. As secondary groups are special interest groups after the fulfillment of the interest it automatically vanishes.
(4) Difference in Co-operation :
The nature of co-operation in a primary and secondary group also differs from each other. The members of a primary group directly co-operate with each other. They play, sit and discuss together. Because of face to face contact and personal relationships direct co-operation among members is possible. But the members of a secondary group indirectly cooperate with each other. Because there exists indirect relations among the members.
(5) Difference in Structure :
According to the type of structure both primary and secondary group can be distinguished from each other. Primary group is based on an informal structure and is very simple. All the members participate in the same process and it is regulated by informal rules and regulations. On the other hand secondary group is based on formal structure and is regulated by a set of formal rules and regulations.
(6) Difference in Relationships :
A great deal of differences is found in the relationships among the members of a primary and secondary group. There exist direct, intimate and personal relationships among the members of a primary group. The relations are all inclusive because primary group is relationship directed. But there exists indirect and impersonal relations among the members of a secondary group. Here relations are secondary and formal.
(7) Difference in the method of social control:
Both primary and secondary group can be distinguished from each other on the basis of the means by which they exercises control over their members. Primary group exercises controls over its members through informal means such as customs, folkways, mores etc. Secondary group have limited control over its members. But secondary group control the behavior of its members through formal means such as police, jail, court, law etc.
(8) Difference in Goal:
Members of a primary group have similar or common aims and objectives. Goal of a particular member is considered as the goal of all other members. But in a secondary group member have different goals. Each individual has his own goals or aims for the fulfillment of which he joins in the group.
(9) Difference in effect on Personality:
Both primary and secondary group can be distinguished from each other on the degree by which they affect or determine the personality of an individual. Primary group has a greater influence on the development of personality. It influences the total personality of an individual. But secondary group has a little influence on the development of personality of an individual. It is mainly concerned with a particular aspect of the personality of an individual.
(10) Differences in Physical Closeness:
Both primary and secondary group may be distinguished from each other on the grounds of physical nearness. Members of a primary group live in physical proximity to each other. There exits face –to face relations among the member. But members of a secondary group the member of secondary group.
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Limited thinking limited use of resources because of unawareness in primary group they make mistakes and are immature
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