What is the difference between active transport and pinocytosis? Explain in detail.
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Explanation:
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Active transport utilizes transport proteins within the cellular membrane. Endocytosis occurs through an envagination of the cellular membrane itself to form a vessicle
The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane in the direction opposite that of diffusion, that is, from an area of lower concentration to one of higher concentration. Active transport requires the assistance of a type of protein called a carrier protein, using energy supplied by ATP.
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Answer:
Pinocytosis, a process by which liquid droplets are ingested by living cells. Pinocytosis is one type of endocytosis, the general process by which cells engulf external substances, gathering them into special membrane-bound vesicles contained within the cell. In pinocytosis, rather than an individual droplet of liquid traveling passively through the cell membrane, the droplet first becomes bound, or adsorbed, on the cell membrane, which then invaginates (forms a pocket) and pinches off to form a vesicle in the cytoplasm. It is believed that a vesicle may carry extracellular fluid to the opposite side of the cell, where it undergoes exocytosis. A droplet of fluid could thus be transported through the cell without disturbing its cytoplasm. Alternatively, the contents of the vesicle may be released to mix with the cytoplasm. See also phagocytosis.
Explanation:
Phagocytosis is a cell taking in a large object that it will eventually digest. The classic example is an amoeba eating a bacterium. First, the cell senses the bacterium because of chemicals in the environment. The cell then moves towards the prey. Once contact is made, the amoeba slowly wraps its cell membrane around the object. When the membranes reach out for the prey, they are called pseudopodium. When the cell membrane surrounds the object, the object has actually been sealed in a new vesicle.
The final step is digestion of the prey. If a cell does not act quickly, the bacterium could begin to reproduce. Lysosomes quickly attach to the vesicle of food and release digestive enzymes. The enzyme action is called an oxidative burst. The food is then broken down and the amoeba absorbs the nutrients. Waste particles remain in the vesicle and can then be sent out of the cell.
Hunting for Dinner
The ability to hunt down and eat food was a huge accomplishment for cells. Once the process was refined, unicellular organisms became able to eat other objects that were almost as big as they were. They were also able to become independent of processes like diffusion and active transport. Overall, cells could grow faster and larger. That faster growth meant it would take less time for the cell to reproduce.
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What are three differences and two similarities between active and passive transport?
Active and passive transport are similar in that they both transport ions, using ion channels to move ions across the cell membrane. Active and passive transport are different in that active transportation requires energy, moves molecules against the concentration gradient, and may require an ion pump, while passive transport does not.
Pinocytosis is the method by which a cell absorbs small particles outside the cell and brings them inside. The word pinocytosis comes from the Greek for “cell drinking”. During this process, the cell surrounds particles and then “pinches off” part of its membrane to enclose the particles within vesicles, which are small spheres of the membrane. This process is usually used for taking in extracellular fluid (ECF).
Function of Pinocytosis
Pinocytosis is a type of endocytosis. Endocytosis is when a cell takes in particles by engulfing them with its membrane. The other types of endocytosis are phagocytosis (“cell eating”), which is nearly the same as pinocytosis but involves the cell takes in a greater amount of particles, and receptor-mediated endocytosis, which is when particles are taken into a cell by binding to receptors
Active transport is the process of transferring substances into, out of, and between cells, using energy. In some cases, the movement of substances can be accomplished by passive transport, which uses no energy. However, the cell often needs to transport materials against their concentration gradient. In these cases, active transport is required.
Active transport requires energy to move substances from a low concentration of that substance to a high concentration of that substance, in contrast with the process of osmosis. Active transport is most commonly accomplished by a transport protein that undergoes a change in shape when it binds with the cell’s “fuel,” a molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).