Question

What is the difference between bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals

Answer 1

Answer:

Electrons in bonding orbitals stabilize the molecule because they are between the nuclei. They also have lower energies because they are closer to the nuclei. Antibonding orbitals place less electron density between the nuclei.

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Answer 2

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The molecular orbital theory states that each atom tends to combine together and form molecular orbitals. As a result of such arrangement, electrons are found in various atomic orbitals and they are usually associated with different nuclei. In short, an electron in a molecule can be present anywhere in the molecule.

Molecular orbitals

The space in a molecule in which the probability of finding an electron is maximum can be calculated using the molecular orbital function. Molecular orbitals are basically mathematical functions that describe the wave nature of electrons in a given molecule.

Types

According to the molecular orbital theory, there exist three primary types of molecular orbitals that are formed from the linear combination of atomic orbitals.

★Bonding molecular orbital

★Anti bonding molecular orbital

Differences

Bonding Molecular Orbitals :-

1. Formed by additional overlap

2. More Stable

3. Energy is less

4. Electron density between the bonded nuclei higher

Antibonding Molecular Orbitals :-

1. Formed by subtraction overlap

2. Less stable

3. Energy is greater

4. Electron density between the bonded nuclei is lower.

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