What is the difference between deletion duplication inversion and translocation?
Answers
Chromosomal rearrangements encompass several different classes of events: deletions, duplications, inversions; and translocations. Each of these events can be caused by breakage of DNA double helices in the genome at two different locations, followed by a rejoining of the broken ends to produce a new chromosomal arrangement of genes, different from the gene order of the chromosomes before they were broken (Figure 8-16a). Consistent with the origin of chromosomal rearrangements by breakage, rearrangements can be induced artificially by using ionizing radiation. This kind of radiation, of which X rays and gamma rays are the most commonly used, is highly energetic and causes numerous double-stranded breaks in DNA
A change in the direction of genetic material along a single chromosome is an inversion.
An inversion occurs when a segment of gene is reversed end to end. It may be paracentric or pericentric.
A segment of one chromosome becomes attached to a nonhomologous chromosome is called a translocation.
Translocation is a genetic abnormality involving the exchange of fragments of genes between non-homologous chromosomes.