What is the difference between meiosis and mitosis?
Answers
Mitosis: Take place in the somatic cells of the body
Meiosis: Take place in the germ cells.
No:2
Mitosis: Occurs in both sexually as well as asexually reproducing organisms.
Meiosis:Occurs only in sexually reproducing organisms.
No:3
Mitosis: The cell divide only once.
Meiosis: There are two cell divisions, the first and the second meiotic divisions.
No: 4
Mitosis: Interphase occurs prior to each division.
Meiosis: Interphase precedes only in meiosis I. It does not occur prior to meiosis II.
No: 5
Mitosis: DNA replication takes place during interphase I.
Meiosis: DNA replication takes place during interphase I but not interphase II
No: 6
Mitosis: The DNA replicates once for one cell division.
Meiosis:The DNA replicates once for two cell divisions
No: 7
Mitosis: The duration of prophase is short, usually of a few hours.
Meiosis: Prophase is comparatively longer and may take days.
No: 8
Mitosis: Prophase is comparatively simple.
Meiosis: Prophase is complicated and divided into leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, diplotene, and diakinesis.
No: 9
Mitosis: The cell divides only once and the chromosomes also divide only once.
Meiosis: There are two cell divisions but the chromosomes divide only once.
No: 10
Mitosis: There is no synapsis.
Meiosis: Synapsis of homologous chromosomes takesplace during prophase.
No: 11
Mitosis: The two chromatids of a chromosome do not exchange segments during prophase.
Meiosis: Chromatids of two homologous chromosomes exchange segments duringcrossing over.
No: 12
Mitosis: Each chromosomes consists of two chromatids united by a centromere.
Meiosis:The two homologous chromosomes from bivalents or tetrads. Each bivalents has four chromatids and two centromers.
No: 13
Mitosis: The arms of the prophase chromatids are close to one another.
Meiosis: The arms of the chromatids are separated widely in prophase II.
No: 14
Mitosis: Chromosomes are already duplicated at the beginning of prophase
Meiosis: When prophase I commences the chromosomes appear single, (although DNA replication has taken place in interphase I).
No: 15
Mitosis: No bouquet stage is recorded.
Meiosis: Chromosomes of animals and some plants show covergence towards one side during early prophase I. It is known as bouquet stage.
No: 16
Mitosis: Pairing of chromosomes does not occur in mitosis.
Meiosis:Pairing or synapsis of homologous chromosomes takesplace during zygotene of prophase I and continues upto metaphase I
No: 17
Mitosis: A synaptionemal complex is absent.
Meiosis: Synapsed homologous chromosome develop a synaptonemal.
No: 18
Mitosis: The metaphase plate is made up of chromosome pairs.
Meiosis: The metaphase plate is made up of paired chromosome pairs.
No: 19
Mitosis: Division of the centromeres take place during anaphase.
Meiosis: There is no centromeric division during anaphase I. Centromeres divide only during anaphase II.
No: 20
Mitosis:The chromosomes separates simultaneously during anaphase.
Meiosis: Short chromosomes separate early, separation of long chromosome is delayed.
No: 21
Mitosis:Anaphase chromosomes are single stranded.
Meiosis: Chromosomes are double stranded in anaphase I, but single stranded in anaphase II.
No: 22
Mitosis: Similar chromosomes move towards the opposite poles in anaphase.
Meiosis: Dissimilar chromosomes move towards the opposite poles both in anaphase I and II.
No: 23
Mitosis: Spindle fibers disappear completely in telophase.
Meiosis: Spindle fibers do not disappear completely in telophase I.
No: 24
Mitosis: Nucleoli reappear at telophase.
Meiosis: Nucleoli do not reappear at telophase I.
No: 25
Mitosis: Cytokinesis follows every mitosis.It produces two new cells.
Meiosis :Cytokinesis often does not occur after the first or reduction division. It is often simultaneous after second division to result in four new cells.
No: 26
Mitosis: The chromosome number remains constant at the end of mitosis.
Meiosis: The chromosome number is reduced from the diploid to the haploid.
No: 27
Mitosis: It helps in multiplication of cells.
Meiosis: Multiplication of cells is not involved.
No: 28
Mitosis: Take part in healing and repair.
Meiosis: Take part in the formation of meispores or gametes and maintenance of chromosome number of the race.
Mitosis is the division of body cells and meiosis is the division of the sex cells.
Explanation:
Mitosis
1) This division takes place in somatic cells and as a result of this growth occurs.
2) Completed in one stage.
3) Prophase is smaller (when compared to prophase of Meiosis).
4) No crossing over takes place.
5) Synapsis does not take place at metaphase.
6) At metaphase, centromere is towards equatorial plate and ends of chromosomes towards poles. Centromere divides.
7) Chromatids are long and thin.
8) Cytokinesis follows karyokinesis.
Meiosis
1) It takes place in reproductive cells
2) Completed in two stages.
3) Prophase longer than prophase of mitosis and divided into five substages.
4) Crossing over takes place in which exchange of segments of chromatids occurs.
5) Synapsis between homologous chromosomes takes place (bivalent stage).
6) At metaphase I, the centromere is towards poles and ends of chromosomes towards equatorial plate. Centromere does not divide.
7) Chromatids are shorter and thick
8) After Telophase I, cytokinesis does not takes place always.
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