What is the difference between the chemical composition of soap and detergent? State in brief the action of soap in removing an oily spot from cloth. Why are soap not considered as suitable for washing where water is hard?
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Difference between chemical composition:
Soaps are composed of sodium potassium salts of long chain carboxylic acids whears detergent are composed of salts of long chain sulphates and sulphonates.
Action of soap:
The dirt present on the clothes is organic in nature and insoluble in water. Therefore it cannot removed by only washing with water.
When soap is dissolved in water its hydrophobic ends attached themseleves to the dirt and remove it from the cloth. Then the molecules of soap arrange themseleves in micelle formation and trap the dirt . This micelles remains suspended in the water. Hence the dust particle are easily rinsed away with water.
Soap are not considered as suitable for washing in hard water because its cleaning capacity reduced in hard water.The insoluble particle of soap sticks on clothes and so cleaning capacity of soap get reduced.It is also because hard water contains calcium and magnisium which makes precipitate with soap and cant dissolve in water.
Soaps are composed of sodium potassium salts of long chain carboxylic acids whears detergent are composed of salts of long chain sulphates and sulphonates.
Action of soap:
The dirt present on the clothes is organic in nature and insoluble in water. Therefore it cannot removed by only washing with water.
When soap is dissolved in water its hydrophobic ends attached themseleves to the dirt and remove it from the cloth. Then the molecules of soap arrange themseleves in micelle formation and trap the dirt . This micelles remains suspended in the water. Hence the dust particle are easily rinsed away with water.
Soap are not considered as suitable for washing in hard water because its cleaning capacity reduced in hard water.The insoluble particle of soap sticks on clothes and so cleaning capacity of soap get reduced.It is also because hard water contains calcium and magnisium which makes precipitate with soap and cant dissolve in water.
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