Question

What is the difference between the molecules of soap and detergent chemical explain the cleaning action of soap

Answer 1

1) The soap molecule isade up of sodium salt of long chains whereas the detergents are generally ammonia and sulphonate salts of long chain carboxylic acid.

2) The charged ends of soap form insoluble precipitate with calcium and magnesium ions in hard water but the charged end of the detergents do not form insoluble precipitate with calcium and magnesium ions in hard water.

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Cleaning action of soap

The dirt present on clothes is organic in nature and insoluble in water. Therefore, it cannot be removed by only washing with water. When soap is dissolved in water, it's hydrophobic end attach themselves to the dirt and remove it from the cloth. Then, the molecule of soap arranged themselves in micelle formation and trap the dirt at the centre of the cluster. These micelle remain suspended in the water. Hence, the dust particles are easily rinsed away by water.

Answer 2

${\huge{\mathfrak{Answer:-}}}$

$<b><u>$Cleansing action of soaps:

The dirt present on clothes is organic in nature and insoluble in water. Therefore, it cannot be removed by only washing with water. When soap is dissolved in water, its hydrophobic ends attach themselves to the dirt and remove it from the cloth. Then, the molecules of soap arrange themselves in micelle formation and trap the dirt at the centre of the cluster. These micelles remain suspended in the water. Hence, the dust particles are easily rinsed away by water.