Question

What is the difference between Work Function and Ionisation Energy?

Answer 1

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The energy difference between Fermienergy and vacuum level corresponds to the work function (Φ). The work function corresponds to the minimum amount of energy needed to remove an electron from the metal. In metals,work function and ionization energyare the same.

Answer 2

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As far as I know the terms ionization energy and electron affinity are related to isolated atoms (or assemblies of isolated atoms = 1 mol), while work function is related to solids. Otherwise work function and ionisation energy are related in the sense that both measure the energy necessary to remove 1 mol electron form one mol solid or atom (respectively) to infinity, while alectron affintiy is the energy change that evolves or should be used when adding 1 mol electron form infinite distance to 1 mol isolated atoms. Ionization energy is always positive (i.e. endothermic) while electorn affintiy can be both positive and negative.

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