Question

what is the difference in the atomic models of Thomson and Rutherford​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Thomson Model of Atom: Thomson model of atom states that electrons are embedded in a positively charged solid material which is spherical in shape. Rutherford Model of Atom: Rutherford model of atom describes that an atom is composed of an atomic nucleus and electrons surrounding the nucleus.

Answer 2

Answer:

Thompson's model of atom :

• He stated that the atom is a positively charged sphere in which negatively charged electrons are embedded in.
• He took the example of a water mellon to state his theory and hence , his model is also known as the water mellon model or the plum pudding model.
• He also proved that an atom was elecrticaly neutral by stating that the magnitude of total negative charge will be equal to the magnitude of total positive charge [ i.e the positive sphere]
• He successfully proved the electric neutrality theoretically but was not successful in proving it practically.

Rutherford's model of the atom :

• Rutherford stated that an atom contains a positively charged sphere at the center and negatively charged particles revolving around it.
• He proved that the nucleus existed by his famous alpha - ray experiment.
• The atomic model of Rutherford failed to explain the stability of electrons in a circular path.
• As the electrons move in circular path, they should undergo acceleration and radiate energy. The radiation of energy would result in the electron losing energy and finally collide with the nucleus.
• This would mean that the atom would become highly unstable.
• Maxwell's theory states that the electron must collide with the atom within 10⁻⁸ seconds .

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