what is the effect of seasons on variety and abundance of life forms?
Answers
Answer:Often conjuring images of dank, smelly, mosquito-infested wastelands, upon closer look, wetlands are actually biologically diverse and productive ecosystems. Home to a variety of plant life, including floating pond lilies, cattails, cypress, tamarack, and blue spruce, wetlands support diverse communities of invertebrates, which in turn support a wide variety of birds and other vertebrates. Primary consumers from crustaceans, mollusks, and aquatic insect larvae to muskrats, geese, and deer rely on the abundance of algae, plants, and detritus for food. Wetlands also support a variety of carnivores, including dragonflies, otters, alligators, and osprey. Thus, wetlands of the world maintain biologically diverse communities of ecological and economic value.
Origin
Definition
Citation
US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)
...lands transitional between terrestrial and aquatic systems where the water table is usually at or near the surface or the land is covered by shallow water. Wetlands must have one or more of the following three attributes: 1. at least periodically, the land supports predominately hydrophytes; 2. the substrate is predominately undrained hydric soil; and 3. the substrate is nonsoil and is saturated with water or covered by shallow water at some time during the growing season of each year. Cowardin et al. 1979
Ramsar Convention on Wetlands
Areas of marsh, fen, peatland, or water, whether natural or artificial, permanent or temporary, with water that is static or flowing, fresh, brackish, or salt including areas of marine water, the depth of which at low tide does not exceed 6 meters. Finlayson & Moser 1991
National Research Council (NRC) The minimum essential characteristics of a wetland are recurrent, sustained inundation or saturation at or near the surface and the presence of physical, chemical, and biological features reflective of recurrent, sustained inundation or saturation. Common diagnostic features of wetlands are hydric soils and hydrophytic vegetation. NRC 1995
Table 1: Excerpts from three wetland definitions distinguishing wetland habitats from other ecosystems
What may seem like a relatively straightforward task, developing a precise definition for wetlands presented some difficulty and resulted in many different definitions (Table 1). Part of the difficulty arises from the diversity of wetland types that exist around the world, from salt or brackish water coastal marshes and mangroves to inland freshwater swamps, peatlands, riparian wetlands, and marshes. Furthermore, as transitional areas, wetlands can possess characteristics of both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems while also possessing characteristics unique unto themselves. Despite the diversity of wetland types, all wetlands share some common features. To be considered a wetland, an area must have:
hydrology that results in wet or flooded soils
soils that are dominated by anaerobic processes, and
biota, particularly rooted vascular plants, that are adapted to life in flooded, anaerobic environments.
Explanation:
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