Question

What is the fate of glucose molecule in
(a) Anaerobic respiration in yeast and lactobacillus bacteria?
(b) Aerobic respiration in human cells?
(c) Anaerobic respiration in human muscle cells during vigorous exercise?
Write chemical equation for all the three.

Answer 1

Answer:

(a) - Fate of glucose in anaerobic respiration in the yeast and lactobacillus are ethanol and carbon dioxide. - Fate of glucose in aerobic respiration in the human cells are carbon dioxide and water.

(b) Carbon dioxide is a byproduct of aerobic respiration in humans. Yes. When humans and other animals lack sufficient oxygen, they'll create ATP through a form of anaerobic respiration that produces lactic acid as a byproduct. ... Cells produce ATP through lactic acid fermentation only under when they lack sufficient oxygen.

(c) Anaerobic respiration happens in muscles during hard exercise. Glucose is not completely broken down, so less energy is released than during aerobic respiration. There is a build-up of lactic acid in the muscles during vigorous exercise. The lactic acid needs to be oxidised to carbon dioxide and water later.

Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

a) Anaerobic respiration in yeast and lactobacillus bacteria:

• Occurs in the absence of oxygen

• Also called as alcoholic fermentation and is commonly observed in Saccharomyces (yeast).

• For the breakdown of substrates outside the cell, yeast cells release an enzyme, zymase in to the medium.
• The end products obtained here are ethanol, Carbon dioxide and energy.

$\sf C_6H_{12}O_6\xrightarrow{Glycolysis}CH_3COCOOH\:(Pyruvate)$

$\sf CH_3COCOOH \xrightarrow{Pyruvate\:decarboxylase}CH_3CHO+CO_2$

$\sf CH_3CHO+NADH \xrightarrow{Alcohol\:dehyrogenase}C_2H_2O_5+NAD^+$

b) Aerobic respiration in human cells:

• Occurs in the presence of oxygen.

• Completed in two phases, namely glycolysis and the breakdown of pyruvic acid.
• Glycolysis: Involves conversion of 1 mole of glucose into two moles of pyruvic acid which is an oxidative process.
• Seen in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration
• The pyruvic acid formed moves into the mitochondria of the cell where oxidative decarboxylation takes place and carbon dioxide is released.

$\sf C_6H_{12}O_6+6\:O_2\longrightarrow 6\:CO_2+6\:H_2O+38\:ATP$

c)Anaerobic respiration in human muscles cells during vigorous exercise:

• Occurs due to lack of oxygen in the muscle cells.
• Enzyme involved in this reaction is lactate dehydrogenase which is produced and released by Lactic acid bacteria.
• There is no production of water and carbon dioxide here.

$\sf C_6H_12O_6\xrightarrow{Glycolysis}CH_3COCOOH$

$\sf CH_3COCOOH+NADH_2\xrightarrow{Lactate\:dehydrogenase}CH_3CHOHCOOH+NAD^+$

(CH₃CHOHCOOH = Lactic acid)