what is the features, mechanisms,advantages, and limitations of Twisted pair cable,microwaves,Infrared.
Answers
a newspaper or magazine article or a broadcast programme devoted to the treatment of a particular topic, typically at length
mechanism-- a system of parts working together in a machine; a piece of machinery.
Answer:
hope this helps
Explanation:
(i) Twisted Pair Cable - Twisted pair cables consist of color-coded pairs of insulated copper wires, one wire carries the signal, and the other is used for ground reference. Every two wires are twisted around each other to form pairs that are encased in a plastic sheath each wire with a diameter of 0.4 mm to 0.8 mm.
Twisted pair cables are two types.
1. Shielded Twisted cable (STP)
2. Unshielded Twisted pair cable (UTP).
Shielded Twisted Pair cable (STP)
As the name implies, Shielded twisted pair cable adds a conductive layer (typically a metal foil or a mesh) surrounding either each pair or entire cable.
Purpose:
Shield on twisted pair allows a higher transmission rate.
Advantages:
Easy installation.
It has a higher capacity as compared to UTP cable.
It is shielded that provides a higher data transmission rate.
Disadvantages:
Cables are bigger in diameter more expensive compared to UTP or coaxial cable.
Applications:
Used as instrumentation cable in industrial applications.
Used in harsh cold and hot environments.
Research applications.
Un Shielded Twisted Pair cable (UTP)
Unshielded twisted pair cable uses no additional shielding like mesh or aluminum foil which adds bulk are used.
Purpose:
Untwisted pair cable is used for voice, low speed, and high-speed data and audio support systems.
Advantages:
It is cheap compared to coaxial or optic fiber cable.
Used in computer networking such as Ethernet for short to medium distances.
Disadvantages:
This cable can be used for shorter distances because of the signal attenuation.
Applications:
Used in LAN.
(ii) Microwaves - Wireless technology uses microwaves and radio waves to transmit information. Advantages are:
• we can receive phone calls and email 24 hours a day
• no wiring is needed to connect laptops to the Internet, or for mobile phones or radio
• communication with wireless technology is portable and convenient.
Advantages of Microwave Communication
Following are the advantages of Microwave Communication:
➨The microwave spectrum has larger bandwidth and hence large amount of information can be transmitted using it.
➨Day by day radio frequency spectrum is getting crowded.
➨Microwave spectrum is divided into different channels as per application.
➨Microwave communication is used since earlier days as one of the Line of Sight Communication in hilly remote areas where other means of wired communication is not possible to be installed.
Disadvantages of Microwave Communication
As we know microwave is used for microwave communication. Following are the disadvantages of Microwaves:
➨For the frequencies which are below 30MHz standard circuit analysis can be applied.
➨At microwave frequencies, transit time of current carrier i.e. electron is higher which takes large percentage of actual signal.
➨As microwave communication is limited to line of sight mode only, Other modes of communication are not possible.
(iii) Infrared - Infrared band of the electromagnet corresponds to 430THz to 300GHz and a wavelength of 980nm.
There are two types of Infrared communication
• Point to Point: It requires a line of sight between the transmitter and a receiver. In other words the transmitter and the receiver should be pointed to each other and there shouldn’t be any obstacles between them. Example is the remote control communication.
• Diffuse Point: It doesn’t require any line of sight and the link between the transmitter and the receiver is maintained by reflecting or bouncing of the transmitted signal by surfaces like ceilings, roof, etc. Example is the wireless LAN communication system
Advantages of transmission
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✴️It provides secured communication due to line of site are point to point to mode of communication.
✴️The battery used in infrared devices lost for long duration due to lower power consumption.
✴️It has response time faster than thermocouple.
✴️It provides good stability over time.
✴️ No corrosion or oxidation can affect the accuracy of infrared sensor.
✴️It deliveries high repeatability.
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Disadvantages of infrared transmission
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✴️ infrared frequencies are affected by hard objects smoke dust sunlight fog extra.h since it doesn't work through walls.
✴️ infrared waves at high power can damage Eyes.
✴️ in monitor and control application can control only one device at one time. moreover it is difficult to control over things. It requires line of sight between transmitter and receiver to communicate.
✴️It supposed lower rate data transmission compare to wired transmission