What is the full form of I) RNA and ii)DNA
Answers
Explanation:
Nuciec acids are biomolecules that plays a vital role in the existence of life. Nucleic acids are polymer of nucleotides joined together through phosphodiester bond. A nucleotide is composed of three components : a nitrogenous Base (Adenine,Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine or Uracil), pentose sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) and a phosphate molecule. There are two types of nucleic acids : Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA and Ribonucleic Acid or RNA.
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA is a double stranded molecule responsible for carrying all the genetic information. 99.9% DNA of every human being is same while it is the rest 0.1% that differs. DNA is present in a highly supercoiled form known as chromosomes. These chromosomes carry genes that encode genetic information. Human beings have 23 pairs of chromosomes (22 autosome and 1 sex chromosome). DNA is transcribed into mRNA which further gets translated into proteins. This is known as LAW OF CENTRAL DOGMA.
DNA mRNA ➡️ Proteins
RNA
Ribonucleic Acid or RNA is a single stranded molecule which plays an important role in gene expression. Many viruses have RNA as their genetic material. There are three types of RNA
Messenger RNA or mRNA(carries information from DNA to ribosomes)
Transfer RNA or Tina (transfers specific amino acid to site of protein synthesis)
Ribosomal RNA or rRNA(catalytic component of ribosomes)
Difference between DNA and RNA
DNA has nitrogenous bases Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine while RNA has Adenine, Guanine Cytosine and Uracil. Base pairing always occurs as G-C and A-T in DNA while G-C and A-U in RNA.
Pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose while in RNA it is Ribose.
3. DNA is double stranded while RNA IS a single stranded molecule.
4. DNA is self replicating while RNA isn't.
5. DNA is short of one oxygen in its 2′ position which makes it more stable than RNA
Answer:
Full form of DNA : Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
Full form of RNA : Ribonucleic Acid.
Explanation: