What is the gamow theory of alpha decay?
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Gamow Theory of Alpha Decay
The Geiger–Nuttall law or Geiger–Nuttall rule relates the decay constant of a radioactive isotope with the energy of the alpha particles emitted. This relation also states that half-lives are exponentially dependent on decay energy, so that very large changes in half-life make comparatively small differences in decay energy, and thus alpha particle energy.
As per this rule, short-lived isotopes emit more energetic alpha particles than long-lived ones. This law was stated by Hans Geiger and John Mitchell Nuttall in the year 1911, hence the name was dedicated to these physicists.
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It was the first model proposed to explain the Alpha decay by the method of tunneling.
This theory is used to formulate the relationship between energy of Alpha particles and the tunneling probability.
The theory assumes two assumptions:
● The potential within the nucleus of radius R is assumed to be spherically symetric constant potential.
● it is assumed that the effect of the nuclear interaction outside the nucleus vanishes and thus the potential immediately outside and out the infinity is spherically symmetric electrostatic coulomb potential.
Gamow is regarded as the first physicist to apply quantum mechanics to a nuclear physics problem.