what is the impact of inter-state variation in population
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
In formulating India's population policy it is necessary to consider the interstate disparities in birth and death rates as well as rural-urban variations. The states whose total growth over the 1921-81 period exceeded the corresponding all-India rate of 172% were Assam (329), Gujarat (234), Rajasthan (231), Kerala (226), West Bengal (212), Maharashtra (204), Haryana (202), Andhra (196), and Karnataka (177). Madhya Pradesh had the same growth rate as all India. The remaining states had a growth rate less than 172%, i.e., Bihar (148), Jammu and Kashmir (147), Uttar Pradesh (138), Orissa (135), Punjab (133), Tamil Nadu (123), and Himachal Pradesh (120). The states in need of special attention from the point of view of population control policy are Assam, Gujarat, and Rajasthan which have been consistently above the all-India decadal growth rate during all 6 decades of 1921-81; Madhya Pradesh and Haryana, which have been consistently above the all-India rate during the last 3 decades; and Uttar Pradesh, which has suddenly reversed its continuous record of 5 decades of being below the all-India growth rate and now shows a higher growth rate during 1971-81. According to the latest sample registration bulletin of December 1980, the combined crude birthrate for India declined from 36.8/1000 in 1970 to 33.0/1000 in 1979 or by 3.8%. The 1st step to reduce the rate of growth of the population is to bring down the combined crude birthrate which now varies from 40.1/1000 in Uttar Pradesh to 25.6 in Kerala. Even Kerala's birthrate cannot be considered satisfactory by either desirable or comparative demographic standards. In the remaining years of the 20th century the birthrate should be brought down to the target of 17.18/1000. Similarly the difference between the rural and urban crude birthrate, which now ranges between 10.6/1000 to 1.2/1000 and averages 6.6 at the national level should be brought down to the 1.2 level of Kerala. Similarly, the combined crude death rate/1000 should be brought down to Kerala's level of 7.1/1000. The demographic problem cannot be solved at the national level unless the position of each individual state is examined in detail. A state's demographic record must be analyzed in the light of the most progressive among them, and an effort must be made to apply the lessons learned. This requires a thorough study of the demography of each state in respect to the role played by historical, economic, sociological, cultural, developmental, and political factors with a view toward drawing lessons for remedial demographic policy.