Question

what is the impact of the longitudinal extent of India

Answer 1

Latitudinal position of India is one of the major factors affecting its climate. India is situated in eastern hemisphere and the Tropic of Cancer (23 1/2° N) divides the country almost into two halves. It runs through Rann of Kutch in the west to Mizoram in the east. The part of the country lying south of this is in the tropics and enjoys tropical climate. The part of the country north of the Tropic of Cancer lies in the sub-tropics and experiences sub-tropical climate. The pressure and wind system are also influenced by the latitudinal position of the country. Rainfall is in turn determined by the pressure and wind system. The jet streams, westerlies are the sub-tropical wind systems and bring rainfall to the northern part of the country. The rest of the country receives rainfall from the monsoons which are tropical wind systems. Thus different parts of the country receive rainfall during different times of the year.
OR
India's latitudinal position greatly affects the climate.

CONTEXT — India is located in the eastern hemisphere. The Tropic of Cancer (23 1/2° N) divides the country almost into two halves, running through the Rann of Kutch to Mizoram.

EFFECTS —
a. The part of India lying south of the Tropic Of Cancer enjoys tropical climate.

b. The part of the country north of the Tropic of Cancer experiences sub-tropical climate.

c. The pressure and wind system too are influenced by the latitudinal position of the country.

d. Rainfall is determined by the pressure and wind system. The jet streams, westerlies bring rainfall to North India. The rest of the country receives rainfall from the monsoons, i.e. tropical wind systems. Thus, different parts of the country receive rainfall during different times of the year.
OR
1. The tropic of cancer (23 degree 30 minutes North) divides India into near;y two equal parts. The southern half lies in the hot tropical zone whereas the northern half lies in the warm tropical zone
2. Temperature generally decreases with increasing in latitude.The tropical part of India (peninsular India ) being near to the equator has warm and tropical climatic conditions with no distinct winter.
The sub tropical part (Northern part) has a more or less extreme climate that is hot summers and cold.
The variation in climate from warm Kerala to cold Kashmir is due to large latitude extent.