Question

what is the importance of knowing the effect of coastal erosion or deposition?​

Answer 1

Answer:

Coastal Erosion

• Coastal erosion continues to be a major issue in coastal zone management. Coastal erosion has been accelerated in many areas of Sri Lanka’s coastline due to activities of humans, both within and at the inland of the coastal zone.

• Managing human activities and development initiatives along an already eroding and continually developing coastline is so much complicated.
• Some of the contributory problems are inadequate supply of sand from rivers for beach nourishment, placing graded material and construction of bolder revetments.
• Coastal erosion is a severe problem in Sri Lanka that results in damage to or loss of houses, hotels and other coastal structures, undermines roads, contributes to the loss or degradation of valuable land and disrupts fishing, navigation, recreation and other activities.

• Coastal erosion is a natural process that continually reshapes shorelines through ocean currents, tidal movements, and wind and wave action.
• However, the urbanization of coastlines involving activities such as offshore dredging, decreasing sediment supply from rivers, and the destruction of seagrass meadows, marshes, and coastal sand dunes can intervene in coastal processes and exacerbate erosion.
• Preventing the recession and destruction of these economically, socially, and politically important coastal areas has become increasingly important and challenging.
• Even without any further urbanization and other forms of human engineering along coastlines, protecting these areas will likely become increasingly challenging considering predicted rises in sea level and storm frequency due to global climate change.
• Measures to prevent coastal degradation may also lead to threats. These primarily include the construction of hard-substrate defense structures, which prevent erosion and flooding, stabilize and retain beaches and reclaimed land, and increase the recreational value of the area.
• The various types of defense structures include breakwaters, groynes, seawalls, dykes, or other armored structures. In addition to the intentional changes these structures produce in the physicality of the coast, they can also have dramatic impacts on the surrounding biotic features and ecological communities.
• Shoreline hardening or bulkheading are some of the greatest threats to sandy coasts, which represent the most common coastal habitat. These structures can prevent sediment accretion and, therefore, the development of salt marshes as well as deplete important habitat for eelgrass, surf smelt, and other species.
• Sandy beaches also host a diversity of macroinvertebrates and provide critical foraging and nesting habitat for vertebrates such as shorebirds and sea turtles..

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