What is the main causes of chemical reaction
Answers
A chemical reaction is, basically, a reorganization of electrons. That is, the bonds, which are electrons, between two elements or molecules or ions, rearrange to a lower energy configuration. There are two parts to this: there must be a more favorable energy state available to the reactants, and there must be a way for them to get there.
So say for example that you have a molecule of hydrogen (H2) and a molecule of chlorine (Cl2). Now if you were to combine a liter of hydrogen gas and a liter of chlorine gas, nothing would happen. The problem is that while there is a much lower energy state available to the atoms (HCl), they are already in a stable state and need a push to start the process. That push is energy supplied to the mixture that is sufficient to break either a hydrogen-hydrogen bond or a chlorine-chlorine bond.
The energy can come from heat such as a spark or a lit match, or it can come from high energy light. (I have actually seen this reaction started by using the light from a lit piece of magnesium!).
Once that first bond is broken, you have two chlorine atoms, both of them looking for something to bond to. The electrons of those chlorine atoms are free to seek out bonds with the hydrogen atoms. When they find hydrogen atoms well glory be! Not only can they form a bond, but the bond is much more stable and the formation of that bond generates more energy.
The energy from the formation of those first few chlorine-hydrogen bonds goes on to break other hydrogen-hydrogen and chlorine-chlorine bonds, and those freed atoms can then go on and find other atoms of the opposite variety, generating more energy, and that energy can go on to initiate more bond scissions, and so on until everything that can react has reacted.
The above is a very simple example, but it illustrates the two main components of a chemical reaction: there must be a lower energy configuration available to the atoms or molecules. This is called the Thermodynamics of the reaction, There must also be a mechanism by which the atoms of molecules can re-arrange to that lower energy configuration. This is called the Kinetics of the reaction.
And that, in a nutshell, is why a chemical reaction happens.
Chemical reaction is a process of forming new substance from another substances due to bonding of two different substances. Eg: Na + Cl → NaCl. There are two main things in a chemical reaction: Product and reactant. Product is a new substance formed. And, reactant is chemical due to which/on which reaction occurs. Chemical reactions occurs when some chemicals are reacted with other chemicals. A new substance is formed when the different chemicals are mixed/added together.
All the chemicals and Compounds which we see are formed due to process of chemical reaction. We know that, When two or more elements are bonded together, then the new substance compound is formed. The all compounds available naturally and artificially are formed due to bonding of two different elements i.e. Chemical reaction.
In a chemical reaction, the new substances are formed due to reaction/contact between two different substances. While chemical reaction, no atoms are destroyed nor new atoms are formed. Only, The atoms are rearranged in such a way that the the new substance is formed.
Chemical reactions are of 4 types: Synthesis, Decomposition, Single replacement , Double replacement.
- Synthesis reaction
A + B → AB (Simple compounds formation)
- Decomposition reaction
AB → A + B (Opposite of synthesis reaction)
- Single Displacement reaction
A + BC → AB + C (Any of chemical is displaced)
- Double displacement reaction
AB + CD → AD + BC
Because of various chemical reactions done by scientists and development in chemistry has bought major changes in the world today. Everyday, scientists try to discover new chemicals, new compounds, new elements by doing complex chemical reactions. All the material used for making objects are made by doing chemical reactions only.
Examples of Chemical reaction:
- CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
- C4H6O6 + NaHCO3 → NaC4H5O6+ H2O + CO2
- Na + Cl → NaCl
- 2 H2O → 2 H2 + O2
- HBr + NaOH → NaBr + H2O
What does a formula tell about substance:
- Because of formula of substance, we can get know about its components. And, the all mixtures of it.
- We can know about the proportion of specific substance. Because of which, it becomes very easy to research on the substance.
- Its chemical formula helps us to get know about the no. of atoms and molecules in it.
Example:
- Let's consider the example of Hydrochloric acid. We know the formula of Hydrochloric acid - H2SO4
- In this formula, there are elements called Sulphur, oxygen and hydrogen. Also, because of formula, we are able to understand it's all components and compounds in it.
- We can also know about it's Molar mass and molecular mass. We can also know about the proportion of the substance in it.