what is the meaning of ancient tows and scripture
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When archaeologists or anthropologists find a mysterious object in a burial chamber or the remains of an ancient village, how do they know what the object was used for? Was it a piece of jewelry, a religious artifact, a tool, or something else entirely? Well, a recent article and a research paper from last October have both brought up an interesting twist to this question: perhaps it was a toy or a child’s tool.1
The Forgotten Children
While it may seem counterintuitive, children (who make up a sizable percentage of any people group’s population) are often not thought of when identifying artifacts, tools, and even pottery. The role of children is also often underappreciated, if not completely overlooked when trying to reconstruct a cultural history from ancient cities or burials. To put it into perspective using modern analogies, imagine a treasure trove of utensils, plates and cups, with several being miniature. We would tend to view those as children’s forks and spoons and cups, not grave goods, symbolic religious artifacts, or aids in the afterlife. But usually archaeologists automatically assign these designations to these items rather than factoring in children’s playthings and tools into the mix. For example, in the Oxford Journal of Archaeology, author Michelle C. Langley cites several anthropological studies including one in the Canadian arctic conducted by De Laguna back in 1932 who does mention that “almost all the Eskimo carvings of the human figure appear to be children's toys, except for a few puppets used by shamans,” with a similar statement regarding carved animal figures.2 But it is still common to list most or all figurines of the Dorset3 and Thule4 periods as shamanistic.
Dr. Langley examined the artifacts at several cultural sites, but more specifically narrowed her focus to some Magdalenian sites, (mostly in France, northern Spain, Belgium, and Germany) conventionally dated to 21,000–14,000 BP. From a creation context we would view these sites as Ice Age (c. 2300–1800 BC). Some of the sites have been excavated as long as 90 years ago, with many of the artifacts housed in the French National Archaeological Museum (Musée d’Archéologie Nationale).
Toys, Optical Illusions, and Ice Age Movies
Some examples that Dr. Langley pointed out in her paper included miniature versions of an object thought to be either a spear straightener or leather thong tool. Both were found buried in the same grave, but the miniature version is not as well designed and more closely resembles a bird head.5 It also shows more extensive handling and less ornate carving. Another example is a reindeer antler carved into a depiction of a cave lion,6 which has several perforations and shows signs of polish and wear. Another item that Dr. Langley mentioned (see an embedded video in the Science News article)7 is the bone disk rondelle, (a coin-shaped artifact, in this case made of bone, usually with a hole or holes drilled into it) which has a carved image of a deer-like animal in two phases of movement, one on each side.
Rondelles have been found in several Magdalenian sites and were usually interpreted as pendants or buttons. But researchers Marc Azéma and Florent Rivère suggested that these rondelles were most likely thaumatropes (a type of device designed to create an optical illusion) purposefully designed as toys.8 In that same paper, they also suggested that several Magdalenian cave paintings were drawn in such a way as to showcase movement of the animal or animals depicted. This illusion of movement would have been accentuated by a flickering torch or lamplight. The accompanying video to their paper shows how these optical illusionary effects are achieved.9 Azéma and Rivère, in describing the cave art animation, stated,
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