what is the meaning of artificial hybridisation}?
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Hybridization proceeds in two steps, one is emasculation and another is bagging.
Emasculation: We know hybridization is the method of selective breeding. Thus, anthers have to be removed from a bisexual flower before they release pollen grains. This step of removal of anther using forceps is termed as emasculation. In the case of unisexual flowers, this step is not necessary.
Bagging: Bagging is the protection of emasculated flower from contamination by undesirable pollen grains. Here the flower is masked by a bag, still, the flower attains receptivity. In unisexual flowers, bagging is done before the flowers are open.
Emasculation and bagging ensure that female flower is completely protected from contamination.
Once the flower attains stigma receptivity, the desired pollens are dusted on the stigma. This is resealed for further developments. Hence, artificial hybridization ensures that right type of pollen has transferred to the stigma of the flower. In addition, the chance of fertilization is high. Through this approach, a variety of strains of crops can be developed and it improves the quality of crop with desirable characters.
Emasculation: We know hybridization is the method of selective breeding. Thus, anthers have to be removed from a bisexual flower before they release pollen grains. This step of removal of anther using forceps is termed as emasculation. In the case of unisexual flowers, this step is not necessary.
Bagging: Bagging is the protection of emasculated flower from contamination by undesirable pollen grains. Here the flower is masked by a bag, still, the flower attains receptivity. In unisexual flowers, bagging is done before the flowers are open.
Emasculation and bagging ensure that female flower is completely protected from contamination.
Once the flower attains stigma receptivity, the desired pollens are dusted on the stigma. This is resealed for further developments. Hence, artificial hybridization ensures that right type of pollen has transferred to the stigma of the flower. In addition, the chance of fertilization is high. Through this approach, a variety of strains of crops can be developed and it improves the quality of crop with desirable characters.
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ARTIFICIAL HYBRIDISATION;
▶️It is one of the major approaches of Crop improvement program in such crossing experiments it is important to make sure that only the desired pollen grains are used for pollination .
▶️If the the female parent bears bisexual flowers removal of anthers from the flower but before the anther dehiscence using a pair of foreceps is necessary
This step is referred to as emasculation
The emasculated flowers have to be covered with a bag of suitable size generally made up of a butter paper to prevent contamination of its stigma with unwanted Poland this process is called bagging .
▶️If the female parent produces unisexual flowers there is no need of emasculation in that case the female flower buds are Baigan before the flowers open when the stigma becomes receptive pollination is carried out using the desired Poland and flower is rebagged .
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