What is the meaning of development? Explain how heredity, recreations, accidents and diseases affects growth and development?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation: 1. Among the external environmental factors (exogenous) which put their mark on child development, most significant are:
– Food;
– The geographical environment;
– socio-economic factors;
– Affective and educative factors;
– Exercises;
– Chemical emissions, radiation, trauma;
– Cultural factors.
Diet is very important because is acting since the womb. Thus, maternal malnutrition will pass on the nutritional status of children (children will have a lower weight and length at birth) and the development of the child’s upper nerves (nerve cell multiplication occurs both in utero and in the first 6 months postnatal).
Deficiency of food principles, such as protein and minerals will lead to enzyme and hormonal disorders, coagulation disorders, impaired skeletal mineralization.
Overeating can lead to obesity.
Geographical environment in terms of microclimate (air, sun, light, temperature, atmospheric pressure) acts mainly in the first 5 years of life.
Socio-economic factors which put the mark on growth and development are: sanitary conditions, various parasitic morbidities, housing, stress, financial situation.
Affective and educational factors – This includes family climate. Thus in a family dominated by calm and optimism, which will encourage the child’s actions, the child will develop better than others who grow up in dysfunctional families or where there is conflict states