Question

What is the meaning of electronegative and electropositive? give examples.

Answer 1

Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons. The Pauling scale is the most commonly used. Fluorine (the most electronegative element) is assigned a value of 4.0, and values range down to caesium and francium which are the least electronegative at 0.7.

 Electropositivity is the measure of the ability of elements (mainly metals) to donate electrons to form positive ions. The elements that can easily accept electrons to form negative ions are called electronegative elements, for example: non-metals. 

Answer 2

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ELECTRONEGATIVITY

• Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a covalent bond.
• Non-metals are more Electronegative.
• Most electronegative elements in the periodic table are :- Fluorine > Oxygen > Nitrogen ≥ Chlorine
• It increases from moving left to right in a period due to increase in effective nuclear charge.
• It decreases as we move from top to bottom as size of atom increases.

ELECTROPOSITIVITY

• Electropositivity is the ability of an atom to withdraw a shared pair of electrons in its combined state.
• Metals are more Electropositive.
• It increases down the group.
• It decreases along the period.
• Example :- Sodium(Na) is a electropositive element & able react with zinc oxide to reduce it metallic zinc, while itself being oxidized to the oxide.