Question

what is the methodology in carrying out a biotechnology research on identification of antimicrobial proteins in giant african snails.

Answer 1

Answer:

anticancer activities of mucous glycoproteins extracted from the giant African snail Achatina fulica. Anticancer properties of the snail mucous peptides remain incompletely revealed. The aim of this study was to predict anticancer peptides from A. fulica mucus. Two of HPLC-separated mucous fractions (F2 and F5) showed in vitro cytotoxicity against the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and normal epithelium cell line (Vero). According to the mass spectrometric analysis, 404 and 424 peptides from the F2 and F5 fractions were identified. Our comprehensive bioinformatics workflow predicted 16 putative cationic and amphipathic anticancer peptides with diverse structures from these two peptidome data. These peptides would be promising molecules for new anti-breast cancer drug development.

Keywords: Peptidomics, Cytotoxic peptides, Achatina fulica, Breast cancer, Bioinformatics prediction, Snail mucus

Anticancer peptides have been proved to be effective small molecules (< 50 amino acids) that can act specifically against cancerous cells by either membranolytic mechanism or disruption of mitochondria [5]. The net negative charge of the cancer membrane is an important factor for peptides' selectivity and toxicity [6], as compared to the typically zwitterionic property of non-cancerous eukaryotic membranes. Amphiphilicity levels and hydrophobic arc size allow penetration of these peptides through the cancerous cell membranes and lead to destabilization of the membrane integrity [7], [8]. For example, pleurocidin-like peptides (NRCs) identified from fish could kill breast cancer cells and human mammary epithelial cells by causing membrane damage with subtle harm to human fibroblasts

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