. What is the 'multiple cropping system?
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Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
In agriculture, multiple cropping or multicropping is the practice of growing two or more crops in the same piece of land during one growing season instead of just one crop. When multiple crops are grown simultaniously, this is also known as intercropping.Multiple cropping narrows the space available for weeds to grow and hamper their growth through exudation of allelochemicals. Nevertheless, weeds are the hidden enemy of crops imparting irreversible damages to resources. Weed's suppression through multiple cropping will thus lead to enhanced food production.Mixed cropping, also known as multiple cropping, is similar to intercropping and involves growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same piece of land. This type of cropping method can improve the fertility of the soil and increases crop yield.Multiple cropping systems also have some disadvantages like:
The survival of pests become easy.
Pests can easily shift from one crop to another crop.
Problem of weed management.
Implementation of new technology is difficult etc.Multiple cropping system.
3. Multiple cropping In agriculture, multiple cropping is the practice of growing two or more crops in the same piece of land during a single growing season. It is a form of polyculture. It is the practice of intensification of cropping system in time & space dimension that is more no. of crops within a year & more no. crops in a same piece of land.
4. Types of multiple cropping system 1) Sequential cropping 2) Inter cropping 3) Multi storied cropping
5. Sequential Cropping • Growing two or more crops in sequence on the same field per year. The succeeding crop is planted after the preceding one has been harvested. • Crop intensification is only in the time dimension. • There is no intercrop competition. • Farmers manage only one crop at a time.
10. Types of Inter cropping 1. Mixed intercropping: Growing two or more crops simultaneously with no distinct row arrangement. eg: wheat + mustard fodder maize + fodder cowpea
11. 2. Row intercropping: growing two or more crops simultaneously with one or more crops planted in rows. eg: cotton + chilly ground nut + maize
12. • Strip intercropping: Growing two or more crops simultaneously in different strips wide enough to permit independent cultivation but narrow enough for the crops to interact agronomically. eg:corn + alfalfa ragi+ groundnut
13. • Relay intercropping/over lapping cropping: Growing two or more crops simultaneously during part of each one’s life cycle. A second crop is planted after the first crop has reached its reproductive stage of growth, but before it is ready for harvest. eg: rice + pulses potato + wheat
14. • Alley Cropping: is planting rows of trees at wide spacing with a companion crop grown in the alleyways between the rows. Alley cropping can diversify farm income, improve crop production and provide protection and conservation benefits to crops. eg: silver oak+ ragi
15. • Ley farming is a system of rotating crops with legume or grass pastures to improve soil structure and fertility and to disrupt pest and disease lifecycles. It has been practiced in many parts of the world for centuries. eg: grass + stylosanthu
16. Multi story cropping • Growing plants of different height in the same field at the same time is termed as multistoried cropping. • It is the practice of different crops of varying heights, rooting pattern and duration to cultivate together. • It is mostly practiced in orchards and plantation crops.
17. Advantages multiple cropping • With multiple cropping the risk of total loss from drought, pests and diseases is reduced. Some of the crops can survive and produce a yield. • It gives maximum production from small plots. This can help farmers cope with land shortages. • Including legumes in the cropping pattern helps maintain soil fertility by fixing nitrogen in the soil.
18. • Different types of crops can be produced, thereby providing a balanced diet for the family. • Because of high planting density weeds are suppressed. • Efficient uses of resources available.
19. Disadvantages multiple cropping • Because of year-long crop some pests can shift from one crop to another. • The large number of different crops in the field makes it difficult to weed. • New technologies such as row planting, modern weeding tools and improved varieties may be difficult to introduce.