what is the poverty line in urban area and rural area in India
Answers
Answer:
Urban poverty in India is over 25 percent; some 81 million people live in urban areas on incomes that are below the poverty line. At the national level, rural poverty remains higher than urban poverty, but the gap is closing. By 2030, urbanisation in India is projected to reach 50 percent.
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Explanation:
The expert committee set up by the Planning Commission last year under C Rangarajan, former chairperson of of Prime Minister's Economic Advisory Council, has redefined the poverty line. According to the report of the committee, the new poverty line should be Rs 32 in rural areas and Rs 47 in urban areas. The earlier poverty line figure was Rs 27 for rural India and Rs 33 for Urban India (see table).
million more to the list of the poor assessed last year as per the Suresh Tendulkar committee formula. Now the total number of poor has reached 363 million from 269 million in 2011-12.
This raise in the poverty line income bar means 93.7 million more people are now below poverty line (BPL).
The Planning commission had set up the five-member expert group under Rangarajan to review the methodology for measurement of poverty. The committee was set up in the backdrop of national outrage over the Planning Commission’s suggested poverty line of Rs 22 a day for rural areas.
Methodology
The Rangarajan committee estimation is based on an independent large survey of households by Center for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE). It has also used different methodology wherein a household is considered poor if it is unable to save.
The methods also include on certain normative levels of adequate nourishment, clothing, house rent, conveyance, education and also behavioral determination of non-food expenses. It also considered average requirements of calories, protein and fats based on ICMR norms differentiated by age and gender.
Based on this methodology, Rangarajan committee estimated the number of poor were 19 per cent higher in rural areas and 41 per cent more in urban areas than what was estimated using Tendulkar committee formula.
Tendulkar, an economist, had devised the formula to assess poverty line in 2005, which the Planning Commission had used to estimate poverty in 2009-10 and 2011-12.
The methodology to measure poverty was first devised by expert group headed by Y K Alagh in 1979, which was further improvised by the expert group headed by D T Lakadwala in 1993.
C. Rangarajan Committee Report: Report of the expert group to review the methodology for measurement of poverty
Press Note on Poverty Estimates, 2011-12
Tendulkar Committee Report: Report of the expert group to review the methodology for estimation of poverty
Press note on poverty estimates, 2009-10