Question

what is the principle and working of a van de graff generator?

Answer 1

A Van de Graaff generator is an electrostatic generator. American physicist, Robert J. Van de Graaff was the person behind this invention. It uses a moving belt that accumulates charge on a hollow metal structure. This structure has a design of a globe, placed on the top of a column that is insulating in nature

Answer 2

Principle of van de graff generator are as follows:-

1.if the charge conductor is brought into internal contact with a hollow conductor all of its charge got transferred to the surface of the hollow conductor no matter how high the potential of the latter may be.

2.discharging action of sharp point.i.e electrical discharge takes place in gases or air readily at pointed conductor.

Working of van de graff generator are as follows:-

The high electric field at the pointed end comb C1 ionises the air near them.the +ve charge in air are replled and got deposited in a belt through a corona discharge.the charge are carried upto C2.a similar corona discharge takes place at C2 and the charge are finally transferred to the shell M.the charge spread over uniformly on the outer surface of M raising its potential to few million volts.