what is the process of charging an object by friction? Give two examples in which we can change the object by friction. Ans in Detail.
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Answer:
When insulating materials rub against each other, they may become electrically charged. Electrons, which are negatively charged, may be ‘rubbed off’ one material and on to the other. The material that gains electrons becomes negatively charged. The material that loses electrons is left with a positive charge
When a polythene rod is rubbed with a duster, the friction causes electrons to gain energy. Electrons gain enough energy to leave the atom and ‘rub off’ onto the polythene rod.
the polythene rod has gained electrons, giving it a negative charge
the duster has lost electrons, giving it a positive charge
If the rod is swapped for a different material such as acetate, electrons are rubbed off the acetate and onto the duster.
the acetate rod has lost electrons, giving it a positive charge
the duster has gained electrons, giving it a negative charge
Both of the rods and the duster are made of insulating materials. Insulators prevent the electrons from moving and the charge remains static. Conductors, on the other hand, cannot hold the charge, as the electrons can move through them.