what is the process of getting fabric from cotton fibres
Answers
Answer:
Fibre to Fabric
A material which is available in the form of thin and continuous strand is called fibre.
Types of Fibre
Natural fibers: The fibers which are obtained from plants and animals are called natural fibers. Examples: cotton, jute, silk, wool.
Plant Fibre: Cotton and jute are plant fibre.
Animal fibre: Silk and wool are animal fibre.
Synthetic fibre: The fibre which are synthesized in industry from simple chemicals obtained from petroleum are called synthetic fibre. Examples: Nylon, Acrylic, Polyester
Cotton
In India, cotton is cultivated mainly in Maharashtra, Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh.
Cultivation of cotton
Cotton is cultivated in black clayey soil. It needs warm climate. The sowing of cotton crop is done in early spring. Cotton plants are bushy and about 1-2 meters tall. The plants start flowering in about 60 days and give whitish - yellow flowers. The flowers turn reddish in a few days. Flowers slowly grow into spherical walnut-like structures. These are called cotton ball. Fibres of cotton grow on these seeds. After some time green cotton balls turn brown. At maturity, the cotton bolls burst open and the white cotton fibre can be seen.
Ginning: The cotton picked up from the plants has seeds in it. The process of removing cotton seeds from pods is called ginning. Ginning was traditionally done by hand. Now-a-days, machines are used in ginning.
Spinning: The process of making yarn from fibre is called spinning. The raw cotton is supplied to industry in the form of bales.
Steps in making cotton yarn
The raw cotton is loosened and cleaned; to remove straw and dried leaves.
The cleaned cotton is then fed into a machine. The cotton fibre are combed, straightened and converted into a rope like structure called sliver.
The sliver of cotton fibre is converted into yarn by spinning using machines.
Weaving: The process of arranging two sets of yarn together to make a fabric is called weaving. The big reels of yarn are called bobbins. These bobbins are used for weaving the cloth. Cloth is woven on looms. After that they bleached and dyed to give a finish.
Knitting: Knitting can be done by hand and machine. Just two yarns are used in knitting, while more than two yarns are used in weaving. Sweater, socks, scarf and caps are knitted from the wool.
Uses of cotton: Cotton is mostly used for making clothes of various kinds. Examples: towels, bed-sheet, curtains, saris.
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