What is the product of complete combustion of alkane using copper as catalyst?
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Let us first understand the terms combustion and alkanes individually then move towards the topic. Combustion or burning is a high temperature exothermic reaction. It happens between a fuel and oxygen (oxidant), giving out gaseous products, also termed as smoke. Alkane is referred to as a saturated open chain hydrocarbon consisting of carbon-carbon single bonds.
Combustion of alkanes:
Complete combustion of alkanes: When alkane is heated in the presence of sufficient air or dioxygen it forms carbon dioxide and water and enormous amount of heat energy is released. For example:
CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2H2O (l); ∆cHΘ = – 890 kJ mol-1
C4H10 + 13/2 O2(g) → 4CO2 (g) + 5H2O (l); ∆cHΘ = – 2875.84 kJ mol-1
The above reaction can be generalised as follows:
CnH2n+2 + ((3n+1)/2) O2→ nCO2 + (n+1) H2O
Alkanes can also be used as a fuel, as they produce large amounts of heat.
Incomplete combustion of alkanes: It occurs when there is not enough amount of oxygen for fuel to react completely. This leads to the formation of carbon or carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide formed as a by product is a colourless poisonous gas. For example:
Methane + (little) Oxygen –> Carbon + Water
CH4 + O2 → C + 2H2O
Methane + (some) Oxygen → Carbon Monoxide + Water
CH4(g) + (3/2)O2(g) → CO(g) + 2H2O(l)
The carbon black produced during the incomplete burning of alkane is used in the manufacturing of inks.
Trends in combustion:
For a hydrocarbon, if complete ignition occurs then it burns with a blue flame. As the molecular mass of hydrocarbon increases it starts burning with a yellow coloured flame showing incomplete burning. The burning of hydrocarbons becomes difficult with increasing molecular weights.
Know more about Pyrolysis of Alkanes
CBSE Chemistry Syllabus Class 6CBSE Chemistry Syllabus Class 7CBSE Chemistry Syllabus Class 8CBSE Chemistry Syllabus Class 9CBSE Chemistry Syllabus Class 10
Elements Of Halogen Group
IUPAC Nomenclature Of Alkanes, Alkenes And Alkynes
More Chemistry ArticlesDaltons Atomic Theory the Indestructible AtomsChloroform Uses Effects EnvironmentMolecular Weight Determination Using Solution Colligative PropertiesDecantationChlorineUnit Cell Packing EfficiencyRecycling of PaperMethods of Preparation of Alkenes
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Combustion of alkanes:
Complete combustion of alkanes: When alkane is heated in the presence of sufficient air or dioxygen it forms carbon dioxide and water and enormous amount of heat energy is released. For example:
CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2H2O (l); ∆cHΘ = – 890 kJ mol-1
C4H10 + 13/2 O2(g) → 4CO2 (g) + 5H2O (l); ∆cHΘ = – 2875.84 kJ mol-1
The above reaction can be generalised as follows:
CnH2n+2 + ((3n+1)/2) O2→ nCO2 + (n+1) H2O
Alkanes can also be used as a fuel, as they produce large amounts of heat.
Incomplete combustion of alkanes: It occurs when there is not enough amount of oxygen for fuel to react completely. This leads to the formation of carbon or carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide formed as a by product is a colourless poisonous gas. For example:
Methane + (little) Oxygen –> Carbon + Water
CH4 + O2 → C + 2H2O
Methane + (some) Oxygen → Carbon Monoxide + Water
CH4(g) + (3/2)O2(g) → CO(g) + 2H2O(l)
The carbon black produced during the incomplete burning of alkane is used in the manufacturing of inks.
Trends in combustion:
For a hydrocarbon, if complete ignition occurs then it burns with a blue flame. As the molecular mass of hydrocarbon increases it starts burning with a yellow coloured flame showing incomplete burning. The burning of hydrocarbons becomes difficult with increasing molecular weights.
Know more about Pyrolysis of Alkanes
CBSE Chemistry Syllabus Class 6CBSE Chemistry Syllabus Class 7CBSE Chemistry Syllabus Class 8CBSE Chemistry Syllabus Class 9CBSE Chemistry Syllabus Class 10
Elements Of Halogen Group
IUPAC Nomenclature Of Alkanes, Alkenes And Alkynes
More Chemistry ArticlesDaltons Atomic Theory the Indestructible AtomsChloroform Uses Effects EnvironmentMolecular Weight Determination Using Solution Colligative PropertiesDecantationChlorineUnit Cell Packing EfficiencyRecycling of PaperMethods of Preparation of Alkenes
Join Byju’s Chemistry Apps Learning Program
More On Chemistry
Organic ChemistryInorganic ChemistryPhysical ChemistryAnalytical ChemistryBiochemistryChemical ReactionsPeriodic Table
COURSESCBSE
ICSE CAT IAS JEE GRE GMAT Commerce
EXAMSCAT Exam IAS ExamRESOURCESBlog Forum Videos
EXAM PREPARATIONFree CAT Prep Free IAS Prep Free GRE Prep Free GMAT Prep Maths Physics Chemistry Biology
COMPANYAbout Us Contact Us BYJU's In Media BYJU's Magazine Careers Investors
FOLLOW US  
Disclaimer | Privacy Policy | Terms of Services
© 2017, Byju's. All rights reserved.
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