What is the reason for India being a major producer of different varieties of
fruits and vegetables?
(a) Its large population size
(b) Its large land area
(c) Variation in its agro climatic condition
(d) Diversity in socio cultural phenomenon
Answers
Answer:
varieties of
fruits and vegetables?
(a) Its large population size
(b) Its large land area
(c) Variation in its agro climatic condition
(d) Diversity in socio cultural pheno
Short Answer:
c) variation in its agro climatic condition
Answer:
The variation in agro-climatic conditions is the reason for India being a major producer of different varieties of fruits and vegetables.
Explanation:
India has been bestowed with wide range of climate and physic-geographical conditions and as such is most suitable for growing various kinds of horticultural crops such as fruits, vegetables, flowers, nuts, spices and plantation crops. Fruits and vegetables are an important supplement to the human diet as they provide the essential minerals, vitamins and fiber required for maintaining health. Fruits and vegetables account for nearly 90% of the total horticulture production in the country. India is now the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world and is the leader in several horticultural crops, namely mango, banana, papaya, cashew nut, areca nut, potato, and okra.
India's climate varies from humid and dry tropical in the south to temperate alpine in the northern reaches and has a great diversity of ecosystems. Four out of the 34 global biodiversity hotspots and 15 WWF global 200 eco-regions fall fully or partly within India. Having only 2.4 percent of the world's land area, India harbours around eight percent of all recorded species, including over 45,000 plant and 91,000 animal species.
EXTRA:
India's diverse climate ensures availability of all varieties of fresh fruits & vegetables. It ranks second in fruits and vegetables production in the world, after China. As per National Horticulture Database published by National Horticulture Board, during 2015-16, India produced 90.2 million metric tonnes of fruits and 169.1 million metric tonnes of vegetables. The area under cultivation of fruits stood at 6.3 million hectares while vegetables were cultivated at 10.1 million hectares.
India is the largest producer of ginger and okra amongst vegetables and ranks second in production of potatoes, onions, cauliflowers, brinjal, Cabbages, etc. Amongst fruits, the country ranks first in production of Bananas (25.7%), Papayas (43.6%) and Mangoes (including mangosteens and guavas) (40.4%).
The vast production base offers India tremendous opportunities for export. During 2019-20, India exported fruits and vegetables worth Rs. 9,182.88 crores/ 1,277.38 USD Millions which comprised of fruits worth Rs. 4,832.81 crores/ 668.75 USD Millions and vegetables worth Rs. 4,350.13 crores/ 608.48 USD Millions.
Grapes, Pomegranates, Mangoes , Bananas, Oranges account for larger portion of fruits exported from the country while Onions, Mixed Vegetables, Potatoes, Tomatoes, and Green Chilly contribute largely to the vegetable export basket.
The major destinations for Indian fruits and vegetables are Bangladesh, UAE, Netherland, Nepal, Malaysia, UK, Sri Lanka, Oman and Qatar.
Though India's share in the global market is still nearly 1% only, there is increasing acceptance of horticulture produce from the country. This has occurred due to concurrent developments in the areas of state-of-the-art cold chain infrastructure and quality assurance measures. Apart from large investment pumped in by the private sector, public sector has also taken initiatives and with APEDA's assistance several Centers for Perishable Cargoes and integrated post harvest handling facilities have been set up in the country. Capacity building initiatives at the farmers, processors and exporters' levels has also contributed towards this effort.
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