Question

what is the relation of Coal deposits with
1. Carbon
2. Allotropes of Carbon.

Answer 1

Answer:

Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen.3 of the main carbon crystal allotropes are DIAMOND, GRAPHITE, & FULLERENES. But anyways, back to coal… Its “random” carbon packing makes it easy to incorporate impurities because the carbons don't have to fit into a carefully “calculated” repeating structure.

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Answer 2

Carbon exists in two forms i)Allotropic Carbon ii)Amorphous Carbon

In Allotropic Carbon it exists as

Coal, Charcoal,lignite,anthracite.

In Amorphous Carbon, it exits as -

Diamond,Graphite.

Explanation:

ALLOTROPIC CARBON-

Coal deposits include in the decomposition dead remains of plants that are buried in the land. At high temperatures and pressure, these buried materials degrade.

On the basis of carbon percentage

• Lignite with 25-35 % of carbon content.
• Bituminous coal with 60-80% carbon content.
• Peat with less than 60% carbon content.

AMORPHOUS CARBON-

• Diamond - The carbon atom in a diamond is surrounded by four carbon atoms that are joined by covalent bonds to form a regular tetrahedron.

• Graphite- The carbon atoms of a single crystal are arranged in a hexagonal ring in a single plane. The bonds between carbon atoms of two crystaline parallel planes will be weak.