what is the relationship between force and speed
Answers
Explanation:
Force is usually measured in newtons. A newton feels like a 3.5 ounce apple in your hand. It doesn’t matter where in the universe you are, a newton of force always feels the same.
A newton is one-kilogram-times-one-meter-per-second-squared or kg∗ms2 . A kilogram is mass, right? -- and meters-per-second-squared is acceleration.
On Earth, gravity accelerates everything at about 10 meters-per-second-squared, which makes a kilogram-mass weigh about 35 ounces (or 2.2 pounds). A newton is one-tenth of 35 ounces when acceleration is one-meter-per-second-squared instead of ten, which produces 3.5 ounces of force against your hand — what an apple weighs.
So F = ma
The question is: what is the relationship between acceleration (force) and velocity (speed)? The important point to remember is: if the velocity isn’t changing, it is not acceleration and can’t be compared to acceleration.
Velocity is a vector quantity, which means it has a magnitude and direction. The speed of an object can remain unchanged, but if it changes direction it’s called acceleration, right? Objects in orbit around the earth don’t change their speed, but they do change direction as they go around Earth.
Another important consideration: when velocity changes (speed or direction), so does distance and time for the object being accelerated. When starting from rest, acceleration is equal to half of an object’s squared velocity divided by the distance it has traveled when the measurement is taken.
In a simple example where the initial velocity is zero, Δv is the final velocity, and “x” is the distance traveled by the object to reach its final velocity “v”, then
F=m(Δv)22x .
Notice that in the empty vacuum of space far from objects that might interact gravitationally with the object and where there is no friction, this equation says that when the change in velocity is zero, the force is zero. “x” can be as large as you want it to be. The object can travel forever in the “x” direction with zero force applied.
In other words, an object in motion stays in motion unless a force acts on it. It’s one of Newton’s laws.
Another point: If the object doesn’t move or change its position (x = 0), force can’t be defined by this equation. Division by zero is not allowed, right? However, another law of Newton says that if a force is applied to an object that doesn’t move, then an opposite and equal force (whatever it is measured to be) must exist somewhere to keep the motion of the object at zero.
These forces can be approximated by strain gages, which is what a scale is.
An interesting phenomenon is a crash — where an object in constant motion is instantly decelerated to zero velocity by an obstacle in its path. In this case, engineers usually calculate the kinetic energy of motion, which is KE=mv22 . When designing crash resistant structures, they take this result and raise it to the 4th power to guide them in the selection of materials and cross-sections. This approach seems to provide a safety factor in practice that has proven effective more times than not.
Hope it helps
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