Question

What is the role of government in providing public health

Answer 1

Increasingly there is a need for governments to play a regulatory and coordinating role in ensuring pubic health in respective countries around the world.

Given that most countries are host to numerous local and international health focused NGOs, institutions etc. in addition to their national ministries of health, one of the primary responsibilities of any government then become oversight, cooperation, complementing, and maximising efficiency of outcomes and resources.

To give a specific example, if there are several NGOs actively working in country X to reduce morbidity and mortality from malaria then ideally the government should play a similar role to the conductor of an orchestra, so to speak. One NGO might be interested in mapping drug resistance among a segment of the population while another may be primarily interested in reducing infant deaths, whilst a third might be promoting behaviour change as a means of reducing infection rates.

Answer 2

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Health system strengthening 
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Important issues that the health systems must confront are lack of financial and material resources, health workforce issues and the stewardship challenge of implementing pro-equity health policies in a pluralistic environment.[5] The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) launched by the Government of India is a leap forward in establishing effective integration and convergence of health services and affecting architectural correction in the health care delivery system in India.

Health information system 
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The Integrated Disease Surveillance Project was set up to establish a dedicated highway of information relating to disease occurrence required for prevention and containment at the community level, but the slow pace of implementation is due to poor efforts in involving critical actors outside the public sector. Health profiles published by the government should be used to help communities prioritize their health problems and to inform local decision making. Public health laboratories have a good capacity to support the government's diagnostic and research activities on health risks and threats, but are not being utilized efficiently. Mechanisms to monitor epidemiological challenges like mental health, occupational health and other environment risks are yet to be put in place.

Health research system 
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There is a need for strengthening research infrastructure in the departments of community medicine in various institutes and to foster their partnerships with state health services.