what is the role of science in conservation of heritage building of the state gujrat
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Conservation of heritage structures is an interdisciplinary effort, wherein traditional knowledge on building materials, techniques and specifications are brought to the realm of current practitioners of conservation engineering, with the intent of merging them with modern tools and practices. Internationally, it is established practice that structural safety cannot be compromised in any conservation effort. Formal systems that recognise conservation of heritage structures as an interdisciplinary engineering effort, with structural safety as a critical determinant, do not exist in India. With one of the largest stocks of heritage structures in the world, lack of adequate quality and quantity of manpower is a serious bottleneck in India in addressing the task of understanding and protecting heritage structures from natural hazards, ageing and weathering effects. More importantly, in a country with strong spiritual roots, the approach to conservation of built heritage has to explore the basis of the ancient building system, the centrality of the spirit in the building activity and the philosophy of non-permanence of the material. Such an approach may be in contrast to established , internationally accepted approaches to conservation. Hence, capacity building in structural safety-centric conservation engineering is a major challenge for India, with an urgent need to identify the existing diffused expertise in relevant sub-areas within conservation and forming a consortium for a holistic approach to the national grand challenge of protecting heritage structures. To achieve the intended goal, a national knowledge pool has to be developed by initiating concerted research, education and outreach activities in safety of heritage structures, coordinated and organised through a single national level institute, that can provide the much needed nationally-coordinated technical forum for exchange of ideas and training of stakeholder groups, primarily from implementing agencies (e.g. Archaeological Survey of India, State Archaeology Departments, etc.) and faculty members of engineering and architecture institutes. As a step to address the national need, IIT Madras is leading an effort to begin a formal approach to address safety of heritage structures through the National Centre for Safety of Heritage Structures (NCSHS).
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