What is the role of Sulphuric acid in ester test for alcohol?
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In esterification reactions, concentrated H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) is known to be used as a catalyst. Here, the sulfuric acid plays a dual role – it works to speed up the rate of the reaction while simultaneously acting as a dehydrating agent, thereby forcing the equilibrium reaction to the right.
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Sulphuric acid being a strong dehydrating agent removes water from the reaction mixture of ethanoic acid and ethanol. As a result, the reaction proceeds only in the forward direction to form ester.
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